Izinto Ezithakazelisayo Zokwazi Nge-Indonesia
Njengoba kunamaqembu amaningi ahlukene neziqhingi eziyingqayizivele esakaze yonke i-Equator, kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo nge-Indonesia; abanye bangase bakumangaze.
I-Indonesia yisona isizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Southeast Asia (ngobukhulu) nezwe lesine elinabantu abaningi emhlabeni. Kuyinto emangalisayo geological. Thatha i-Equator, engeza amakhulu ezintaba-mlilo endaweni yokuhlangana yamaLwandle aseNdiya nasePacific, futhi kahle, ugcina indawo eyodwa ethakazelisayo futhi engavamile.
Nakuba i-Bali, indawo ephezulu yezinyosi e-Asia , inakekelwa kakhulu, abantu abaningi abazi okuningi nge -Indonesia yonke . Uma unesineke ukumba ngokujulile, i-Indonesia inezimpendulo.
I-Indonesia Inesibindi Futhi Intsha
I-Indonesia yizwe lesine elinabantu abaningi emhlabeni wonke (abantu abangu-261.1 million ngokulinganiselwa kuka-2016). I-Indonesia idlula abantu kuphela yiChina, i-India, ne-United States - ngaleyo ndlela.
Ukuthatha ukufuduka kwamanye amazwe ku-akhawunti (abaningi base-Indonesia bathola umsebenzi phesheya), ukukhula kwabantu e-Indonesia ngo-2012 kwakungamaphesenti angu-1.04.
Phakathi kuka-1971 no-2010, inani labantu base-Indonesia liphindwe kabili eminyakeni engu-40. Ngo-2016, iminyaka yobudala e-Indonesia yayingeneminyaka engu-28.6 ubudala. E-United States, iminyaka yobudala yayingu-37.8 ngo-2015.
Inkolo Ihlukile
I-Indonesia yizwe elizwe kakhulu lamaSulumane; iningi lingamaSunni. Kodwa inkolo ingahluka kusukela esiqhingini kuya esiqhingini, ikakhulukazi ekude empumalanga ukusuka eJakarta ukuhamba okulodwa.
Iziqhingi nezindawo eziningi zase-Indonesia zavakashelwa izithunywa zevangeli futhi zaphenduka ebuKristwini. Amakholoni aseDashiya asakaza izinkolelo. Izinkolelo ezindala nezinkolelo zama-animism eziphathelene nezwe lomoya azizange zishiywe ngokuphelele. Esikhundleni salokho, bahlanganiswa nobuKristu kwezinye iziqhingi. Abantu bangabonakala begqoke iziphambano kanye nama-talismans nezinye izintelezi.
I-Bali , okungafani ngezindlela eziningi ze-Indonesia, iningi lamaHindu.
I-Indonesia Yizwe Elizwe Elikhulu Lesiqhingi
I-Indonesia yisona isizwe esiqhingi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngamamayela angu-735,358 square, yizwe lesi-14 elikhulu kunazo zonke ezweni elitholakalayo. Uma zombili umhlaba nolwandle zicatshangelwa, yiyona eyisikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke.
Akekho Owaziyo Iziqhingi Eziningi
I-Indonesia isakazeka kuyo yonke inqwaba yezinkulungwane zeziqhingi, kodwa akekho ongavuma ngempela ukuthi bangaki abantu abakhona. Ezinye iziqhingi zivela kuphela emanzini aphansi, futhi amathekisthi okuhlola ahlukene aveza izibalo ezihlukene.
Uhulumeni wase-Indonesia uthi iziqhingi ezingu-17 504, kodwa ucwaningo lweminyaka emithathu olwenziwa yi-Indonesia lwathola iziqhingi ezingu-13 426 kuphela. I-CIA icabanga ukuthi i-Indonesia ineziqhingi eziyi-17,508 - ezansi eziqhingini ezilinganiselwa ku-18 307 ezibalwa yiNational Institute of Aeronautics and Space emuva ngo-2002.
Eziqhingini ezilinganiselwa ku-8 844 eziqanjwe ngamagama, cishe ku-922 kuphela kucatshangwa ukuthi zixazululwe unomphela.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwehlukaniswa kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwesiqhingi kwenza isiko selincane kakhulu ezweni lonke. Njengomhambi, ungashintsha iziqhingi futhi uphathwe ngokuhlangenwe nakho okusha kakhulu ngalunye ngezilimi ezahlukene, amasiko, nokudla okukhethekile.
Bali Yiyona Engcono kakhulu
Naphezu kokuchichima kweziqhingi, izivakashi zivame ukubamba eyodwa kuphela futhi zilwe isikhala: Bali. Isiqhingi esivame kakhulu kunazo zonke izivakashi ezihamba phambili yiyona ndawo evamile yokufika kwabahambi abafuna ukuvakashela i-Indonesia. Izindiza ezindiza zingatholakala ezikhungweni ezinkulu e-Asia nase-Australia.
I-Bali iphakathi nendawo ye-archipelago, okwenza kube lula njengephuzu lokugxilisa ubaba endaweni. Ezinye izikhumulo zezindiza zingase zibe izinketho ezingcono uma uhlose ukuvakashela izindawo ezikude noma ezikude.
Izinhlanga Zama-Jungle Ziyisici
Kungaba nzima ukukholelwa lapho ukhona eJakarta yesikhulu samanje, ukuthi izizwe ezingahlangani zithathwa ukuthi zikhona emahlathini aseSumatra ibanga elincane entshonalanga. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezinhlanga ezingaphezu kuka-100 zomhlaba ezingahlangani ezihlala ePapua naseWest Papua, izifundazwe ngasempumalanga ye-Indonesia .
Nakuba kuziphatha okuningi kakhulu ezikhathini zanamuhla, kusekhona izihloko ezihlala e-Indonesia. Lo mkhuba wafa emashumini eminyaka adlule, kodwa eminye imindeni yomdabu iye yagcina "izintatheli" zomkhulu wabo ezigciniwe emakhaya ezinsuku zanamuhla. Ukuhlukumezeka nokuzikhohlisa kwaba nemikhuba e- Pulau Samosir eSomatra naseKalimantan, ohlangothini lwe-Indonesian lwaseBorneo .
Izintaba-mlilo ziyiNhloko
I-Indonesia inezintaba ezingaba ngu-127 eziqhumayo, eziningana zazo eziye zaqhuma kusukela umlando obhaliwe. Njengoba i-Indonesia inabantu abaningi, akunakugwemeka ukuthi izigidi zabantu zihlala ezindaweni zokuqhuma ngezikhathi ezithile. I-Gunung Agung esiqhingini esasimatasa saseBalili sabamba izakhamuzi eziningi lapho iqala ngo-2017 no-2018.
Ukuqhuma kuka-1883 kwe-Krakatoa phakathi kweJava no-Sumatra kwakhiqiza umsindo omkhulu kakhulu emlandweni. Iphule ama-eardrum abantu abangaphezu kwamamayela angama-40. Amagagasi omoya avela ekuqhumeni ajikeleza umhlaba wonke kasikhombisa futhi alotshwe kuma-barographs ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kamuva. Amagagasi e-Tidal avela kumcimbi wezinhlekelele ayelinganiswa kude kakhulu njengeNgesiNgisi.
Ichibi elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, i- Lake Toba , siseNyakatho Sumatra . Ukuqhuma okuqhuma okwakhiwa leli chibi kucatshangwa ukuthi bekuyisenzakalo esiyingozi esabangela iminyaka engu-1 000 yamazinga okushisa epholile emhlabeni ngenxa yobuningi be-debris abaphonswa emkhathini.
Isiqhingi esisha esiqhutshwa yi-volcanic activity, i-Pulau Samosir, sikhiwe phakathi kweLake Toba futhi sihlala kubantu baseBatak.
I-Indonesia Ikhaya LikaKomodo Dragons
I-Indonesia yiyona ndawo kuphela emhlabeni ukubona ama-Komodo dragons endle. Iziqhingi ezimbili ezidumile kakhulu ekuboneni i-Komodo dragons yiRinca Island neComodo Island. Zombili iziqhingi zisepaki kazwelonke futhi ziyingxenye yesifundazwe sase-East Nusa Tenggara phakathi kuka-Flores neSumbawa.
Naphezu kokuqothula kwabo, i-Komodo dragons ibalwe njengosongelwa ohlwini lwe-IUCN Red. Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka, kuthathwa ukuthi umchamo wabo obhebhetheka wawuwumthwalo wokwenza i-Komodo dragon ibambe kakhulu. Kuphela ngo-2009 abacwaningi bathola ukuthi yini engaba yizinhlayiya zenyama.
I-Komodo dragons ngezikhathi ezithile zihlasela izingozi zepaki nabantu abahlala nabo eziqhingini. Ngo-2017, isivakashi saseSingapore sasihlaselwa futhi saqhubeka sisilonda emlenzeni. Ngokumangalisayo, ama-cobra amaningi ahlala eziqhingini abhekwa njengengozi kakhulu ngabantu abahlala khona.
I-Indonesia Ikhaya Lika-Orangutan
I-Sumatra neBorneo yizona zindawo kuphela emhlabeni ukubona ama-orangutan asendle . I-Sumatra i-Indonesia yonke, futhi i-Borneo yabelana phakathi kwe-Indonesia, iMalaysia neBrunei.
Indawo elula yabahambi e-Indonesia ukuze babone ama-orangutan aseSumatran (ama-wild and wild) ahlala ehlathini yiGunung Leuser National Park eduze nomuzi waseBukit Lawang.
Kukhona Izilimi Eziningi
Yize isi-Bahasa Indonesia siwulimi olusemthethweni, kunezilimi ezingaphezu kuka-700 ezikhulunywa kuzo zonke iziqhingi zase-Indonesian. IPapua, isifundazwe esisodwa nje, sinamazwi angaphezu kuka-270 okukhulunywe ngayo.
With izikhulumi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-84, isiJavane ulimi lwesibili oluvelele kakhulu e-Indonesia.
I-Dutch yashiya amanye amagama ngezinto ezazingekho ngaphambi kokoloni lwabo. I-Handuk (ithawula) no- askbak (i-ashtray) yizibonelo ezimbili.