I-Agincourt Battle and Museum

01 ka-03

I-Battle of Agincourt - Izinkolelo Neqiniso

I-Battle of Agincourt, elwa ngo-Okthoba 25, 1415, iye yehla emlandweni njengenye yezinqola ezinkulu zesiNgisi phezu kweFrance. Kwaphela kuphela amahora angu-6 kodwa kuye kwavela izinkolelo namanga. Iningi lalezi, ngenxa yeNgisi okungenani, ihlonipha uShakespeare odlalwa nguHenry V njengenkazimulo ehloniphekile yobungqabavu kanye nokuzikhandla kokubili isiFulentshi nesiNgisi, nakuba ngokwemvelo iNgisi ifika njengento enhle kakhulu futhi enamandla.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiqiniso, imishwana eminingi kanye namazwi avela kulowo mdlalo adluliselwe ekusebenziseni okuvamile. Ukuhlukumezeka kwempi, uHenry uhlasele amabutho akhe ngokuthi:

'Kwaphinda futhi kwaphulwa, abangane abathandekayo, futhi futhi;
Noma vala udonga phezulu nge-English yethu efile '

Futhi kuthiwani: ' Amadoda amadala akhohlwe ', noma adumile nakakhulu:

' Simbalwa, sijabule bambalwa, thina sibazalwane ' esiqhubekayo

' Ngoba namuhla uchithe igazi lakhe nami
Uzoba ngumfowethu; akube yinto enjalo kakhulu,
Lolu suku luzoba mnene ngesimo sakhe;
Futhi nginkosikazi eNgilandi manje
Bayazicabangela bona baqalekisiwe bengekho lapha,
Futhi ubambe abantu babo beshibhile ngenkathi noma ubani ekhuluma
Lalwa nathi ngosuku lukaStep Crispin . '

Futhi abaningi bethu bazi le midlalo emibili amafilimu amakhulu, omunye noLaurence Olivier njengomqondisi noHenry V kanye ne-version entsha yamuva noKenneth Branagh njengenkosi yaseNgilandi encane.

Yeka Indaba Enkulu

I-museum ihloselwe imindeni futhi inikeza umbono omuhle wokuphila kwamasosha. Kodwa ivuliwe eminyakeni engu-15 eyedlule futhi amanye amaqiniso kumavidiyo owabona athola izinto ezingcono kakhulu futhi ezicacile nakakhulu. Akuvimbeli ukujabula kwakho, kodwa kulandela inguqulo enkulu kakhulu yomlando. Nayi inguqulo yesimanje kakhulu ngezinganekwane ezimbalwa eziqhumekile.

Ingxenye yeMpi YeMinyaka Eyinkulungwane ebonakalayo engapheli phakathi kweNgisi nesiFulentshi (1337 kuya ku-1453), le mpikiswano ethile yenzeke lapho inkosi yaseFrance, uCharles VI, eyaziwa ngokuthi uCharles the Mad, eyengamele izwe elibuthakathaka futhi elihlukanisiwe. Amagatsha amabili omndeni wasebukhosini, i-Armagnacs asekela iNkosi eyizidakamizwa, kanye namaBulgundi avukelayo, ayelokhu elwa kusukela ngo-1407 kulokho okwakuyimpi yombango.

INkosi yaseNgilandi yaseLancastrian yase-Lancastrian yase-Lancastrian yaseVancouver, ihamba ngesikebhe eFrance ngo-Agasti 1, 1415. Wahamba namasosha angama-12 000 futhi wavimbela ngempumelelo uHarfleur. Ukunqoba kwababiza inani elikhulu lamadoda; Abantu abangama-9 000 baseNgilandi bahamba emaphandleni ukuyohlangana nebutho laseFrance e-Agincourt ngo-25 Okthoba. AmaFulentshi ayebalwa ngamadoda angaphezu kuka-12 000 ngakho-ke izinombolo zazingenakunqwabelana ngokumelene nesiNgisi njengezimangalo ezithandwayo zamanga.

Umehluko phakathi kwamabutho amabili kwakusendleleni yabo yokulwa empini kanye nobuholi bamandla. Amaqembu ahlukene aFulentshi aholwa, hhayi yilokho inkosi yawo engenangqondo, kodwa uConstable of France, uCharles d'Albret kanye namalungu ahlukahlukene emndenini we-Armagnac. Ibutho laseNgilandi, eligijime kakhulu, laliholwa yi-ambitious and braver-king.

Amasu ezizwe ezimbili ayehluke kakhulu. KwabaFulentshi, lokhu kwakuyimpi elwa nemigomo ye-chivalric, nabamahhashi abathintekayo kakhulu. Ama-warhorses amakhulu kwakufanele athathe izikhulu zawo zokulwa nezikhali, ama-marquesses futhi abheke empini. Kodwa isiNgisi sase sifunde empini zikaCrecy noPoitiers ukuthi zijaha amahhashi, kanti zingase zenze ukwesaba ezinhliziyweni zezitha, zingabonakali futhi zingenakulinganiswa. Amadoda ahlangene nawo ayebalulekile ngokulinganayo kumaFulentshi futhi umqondo wawuwukulwa nempi eqokiwe. Ekugcineni insimu yayidaka, ayiyona inhle kakhulu yamahhashi anamandla nezikhali zokuzivikela.

Indlela yeNgisi yayihlukile kakhulu. Amaphesenti angama-20 ebutho laseFrance lakhiwa ngabacibisholi uma kuqhathaniswa no-80% we-English. Abaningi bezingodo eziyi-7,000 baseNgilandi babeyizilimi ezikhulile ezazikhulele ukufunda indlela yokwenza, ingalo, ukudonsa nokuvutha ama-longbows asetshenziswe ngesiNgisi yew. Abacibishela baseFrance ikakhulukazi babethwala izikhali - izikhali eziqhamukayo ezazisungulwa ukulwa nomnganeli wamaKatolika, hhayi ukulwa namanye amaKristu. Kungenzeka ukuthi iziphambano zazizinamandla, kodwa ngesikhathi esithatha ukulayisha, umoya nomlilo u-crossbow, abacibisholo baseNgilandi bangathumela imicibisholo engama-7 kuya ku-10 eminzini emoyeni ukuze imise phezu kwabaphikisi babo.

AbaFulentshi babenamahhashi abo emgqeni wokuqala, nabashayeli babo bezingalo ezintathu. Lapho impi iqala ngo-10: 00, isiNgisi saqala ukuhlaselwa kwamaphiko. Amahhashi aseFrance ayesehla, amahhashi agijima nxazonke, ama-knights akakwazi ukuvuka emhlabathini. Noma yiliphi i-knights elinezikhwebu ezitholakale endaweni esheshayo yezingodo ezibukhali zesiNgisi zanyatheliswa emhlabathini ophansi ezisho ukuthi umzila wesibili nowesithathu wesiFulentshi kwakudingeka uhlabelele phezu kwalesi sigameko sokufa ukuze sifinyelele esiNgisi.

IsiNgisi asizange, njengoba isithandwa esivela kuFrance sinalo, sibhekisa imicibisholo yabo; bawabeka emhlabathini phambi kwabo ukuze bakwazi ukuwashisa kalula, ngokungazelelwe bangeze ubuthi bokutheleleka emanxebeni abawenza.

Impi yaqhubeka kuze kube ngu-4pm. Izisulu ezihlangothini lwesiFulentshi zazingu-3 000 kuya ku-4 000 ezinezikhulu ezingu-400 zaseFrance. Ukubulawa kweziNgisi manje kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuphakathi kuka-600 no-1,000. AmaFrench alahlekelwa izikhulu ezingu-400, isiNgisi nje esincane, kuhlanganise noMbusi waseYork owayesindise umshana wakhe, uHenry V, ovela eDuke d'Alencon.

I-French Battle - Abahlaseli base-Welsh

NgiseBrecon eWales e- Brecon Beacons National Park futhi ngahamba ngaya ekamelweni elincane. Abacibisholo baseWelshel babenabanye abahle kakhulu futhi abaningi bevela eBrecon lapho kukhona khona itshe elisetshenziswe amadoda ukuba ahlaziye imicibisholo yabo empini.

• I-Agincourt ingaba yingxenye yekhefu elifushane lama-3 e-UK noma eParis.

02 ka-03

Imayonnaise yase-Agincourt, i-Agincourt Battlefield kanye namaGendarme

I-Museum iyinkimbinkimbi yemiboniso mayelana ne-English nesiFulentshi, enegama labamncintiswano abakhulu aboniswe ezindongeni njengoba uhamba, eceleni kwezithombe zabo, izingubo-zezingalo nezihlangu. Izitatimende ezivela kubalandeli bezikhathi ezibekwe isenzakalo.

Ukubonisa okuthakazelisayo kunazo zonke emnyuziyamu kuyimodeli enkulu yempi . Imifanekiso emincane, ekhonjiswe ngokucacile futhi eqoshwe ngokunembile emibala emihle, ikhombisa ukuma kwamabutho ngesikhathi sokulwa kwempi - isiNgisi endaweni ephakeme futhi ivikelwe izihlahla zombili zombili; amaFulentshi asakazeka kuyo yonke inkazimulo yabo enemibala ngakolunye uhlangothi.

Isigaba esilandelayo sinemibukiso emithathu yokulalelwayo, kuqala ngezibalo ezimbili, uHenry V nomlawuli wamaFulentshi, enikeza imicabango yabo ekupheleni kwempi. Okwesithathu igumbi elichaza kancane ngempi ngokwayo, nakuba kungabi njalo njalo.

Khuphukela phezulu kwesigaba okuyingxenye engcono kakhulu emindenini nokugxila ezikhali, izingalo kanye nezikhali zempi. Ungabona isikhali esihlukile esetshenzisiwe, sithathe (siyisisindo esinqabile kakhulu futhi singenasibindi), thola amandla amakhulu okudinga ukukhipha uhlamvu lwe-longbow nokuningi.

AmaGendarmes kanye neMpi Yase-Agincourt

Iqiniso elilodwa elingavamile eligcizelelwe kulo nyaka waminyaka engama-600 leminyaka ngumlando we-gendarmerie. Uzothola ama-gendarmes ezinembambeni zabo ezihlukile okwesibhakabhaka nezigqoko uma uhamba ngeFrance; yibo abaphoyisa emigwaqeni nasemaphandleni. Kodwa, ngokumangalisayo, igatsha lebutho hhayi amaphoyisa.

I-gendarmery yaqala njengengqungquthela yasebukhosini, iMaréchaussée de France , ekuqaleni yayihloswe njengamaphoyisa asezempi, igcina amasosha ehlola futhi ibamisa ukuphanga ngemva kwempi.

Balwa empini ye-Agincourt ngaphansi komphathi wabo, i-Prévôt des Maréchaux (Provost wama-marshals), i-Gallois de Fougières. Wayeneminyaka engama-60 ubudala lapho elwa futhi efa e-Agincourt, wayesuka esifundeni sasekhaya saseBerry e-Crusade ngo-1396, wabe eseya e-Italy ngo-1410. Kuthiwa umshayeli wokuqala wabulawa empini, isifuba sakhe satholakala esontweni eliseduze lase-Auchy -lès-Hesdin kanye namanye ama-knights ngaleso sikhathi kuhlanganise ne-Admiral of France. Amathambo akhe athathwe eVersailles futhi wangcwatshwa ngaphansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo ku-gendarmerie eVersailles.

Impi ye-Agincourt

Namuhla kunezinsimu ezilimale lapho eminyakeni engama-600 eyedlule ama-knights aseFrance ayekhokha futhi ama-longbowmen angamaNgisi avula imicibisholo yabo ebulalayo. Isikhungo sizokunika ibalazwe ukushayela kuzungeze imibono ehlukahlukene kodwa kuthatha i-feat enkulu kakhulu yomcabango wokuguqula isimo.

Kukhona amathuna amaningi endaweni eseduze nendawo yempi kwakunezinkulungwane zezidumbu, iningi lazo lihlukumezeke ngokuphelele yizilwane zasemakhaya ebusuku emva kokulwa, kungcwatshwa. Kodwa i-museum kanye neziphathimandla zendawo bayesaba ukuthi uma bekhulula indawo ngqo, indawo izobe ishaywa ngabasesha abanomdlandla abanezinsimbi zensimbi. Ngakho-ke, abafileyo bahlala ngokuthula emhlabeni.

Kodwa njengamanye amasayithi, kunomzwelo othile emazweni; kunomuzwa wokuthi kukhona okuyingqayizivele okwenzeka lapha kule ndawo yasemaphandleni yaseFrance.

03 ka 03

Imyuziyamu ye-Agincourt, izindawo ezihambelayo kanye namahhotela

Isizinda se-Historical Medieval
24 rue Charles VI
62310 Azincourt
Ucingo: 00 33 (0) 3 21 47 27 53
Iwebhusayithi

Vula ngo- Apr-Oct nsuku zonke ngo-10 ekuseni ngo-6pm
Nov-Mashi nsuku zonke ngaphandle kweLwesibili ngo-10: 00 ekuseni

Ukufakwa kwabantu abadala 7.50 euro; 5 kuya ku-16 iminyaka 5 i-euro; umthamo womndeni (abantu abadala ababili + 2 izingane) ama-euro angu-20.

Kunezinhlelo ezinkulu zokuvuselela ngokuphelele le myuziyamu kanye nexesha eliqashiwe lokuvala ngo-Okthoba 2016 nokuvula kabusha entwasahlobo 2017.

I-World War I e-Nord-Pas de Calais

• Ukuvakasha kweMpi Yezwe Yempi I-World War I kanye Nezikhumbuzo eNyakatho France
• I-Wilfred Owen Memorial e-Ors, eNyakatho France
• Ikomidi lase-Wellington e-Arras

Ukuya eFrance ngesikebhe

Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi mayelana nokuwela eYurophu, hlola indaba yami eFerries evela e-UK .