I-Wellington Quarry Museum, iSikhumbuzo se-WWI esimangalisayo
I-Wellington Quarry neSikhumbuzo se-Battle of Arras
I-Wellington Quarry e-Arras iyinhlangano ehambelayo futhi enye yezindawo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukuqonda izinto ezesabekayo nokungabi nalutho kweMpi Yezwe I. Okumangalisayo, liphakathi kwedolobha elidala lase-Arras , futhi libonisa izenzakalo ezizungeze i-Battle of Arras 1917.
Ingemuva ye-Battle of Arras
Izimpi zaseVerdun ezibandakanya isiFulentshi neSomme ezibandakanya iBritish kanye neCommunwealth ngo-1916 zaziyizinhlekelele.
Ngakho i-Allied High Command yanquma ukwakha ukucasula okusha e-Vimy-Arras ngaphambili enyakatho yeFrance. I-Arras yayiyiqhinga lama-Allies futhi kusukela ngo-1916 kuya ku-1918, idolobhana lalingaphansi komyalo waseBrithani, okuyingqayizivele emlandweni weMpi Yezwe I. I-Arras yayiyingxenye ebalulekile yalolu hlaselo oluthathu oluthile, kodwa ngalesi sigaba sempi, u-Arras kwakuyidolobha elibi, liqhutshwa amabutho aseJalimane, libhema futhi lichithekile, lizungezwe izibazi zeMpi Yezwe I.
Lesi sinqumo senziwa emhubheni ngaphansi kwe- Arras phansi emakameleni e-chaki ayesuka ekuqaleni kwamakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuhlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha. Lolu hlelo lwalukwakha uchungechunge olukhulu lwamagumbi kanye namavesi ukufihla amasosha angu-24 000 eduze kwemizila engaphambili yaseJalimane ekulungele ukuhlaselwa okusha. I-Wellington Quarry Museum isitshela indaba yokukhishwa ngamatshe, izimpilo zabantu basemadolobheni kanye namabutho, futhi iholele empini yase-Arras ngo-Ephreli 9, 1917.
Ukuvakashelwa kwe-Quarry ku-Deep Underground
Ukuvakashelwa kwamaminithi angu-75 kuqala ngokugibela phezulu ukuya emakolishi. I-panorama ye-Arras njengoba itshisa ibeka izinhlelo ze-Allied ngendlela efanele. Khona-ke, ngokulandela isiqondiso sase-English esikunika ulwazi oluthe xaxa, futhi uhlomile nge-audioguide ephenduka ngokuzenzekelayo njengoba usondela ezigumbini ezihlukahlukene, uholwa ngamavesi aphikisayo aphezulu nezintaba ezinkulu.
Amafilimu amadala namazwi amade abakhohliwe abonakala emaphakathini emigwaqweni yezikrini ezincane ezanyamalala ebumnyameni. Kuzwa sengathi amasosha empeleni akhona nawe. Isosha lithi lapho umuntu eqala ukuqonda impilo yakhe yansuku zonke, ukwesaba nokuhlukunyezwa kwabo.
Ukudala imigudu
Umsebenzi wokuqala kwakuwukugubha izikhala ezinkulu ukudala izinkampani zangaphansi komhlaba. Amakhansela aseNew Zealand angu-500, ikakhulukazi abavukuzi baseMaori, abasizwa abavukuzi baseYorkshire (okuthiwa i-Bantams ngenxa yokuphakama kwawo), bemba amamitha angu-80 ngosuku ukuze bakhe labyrinths amabili ehlangene. Abathungi bamatshe bahlinzeka ngemikhakha ehlukene ngamagama amadolobha abo. KwabeNew Zealanders kwakunguWellington, uNelson noBlenheim; kubaseBrithani, eLondon, eLiverpool naseManchester. Lo msebenzi wathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha futhi ekugcineni amakhilomitha angu-25 amamitha angu-24.
Okubonayo nokuzwayo
Udlula ngamapilisi okugunda, amagama emifanekiso, imidwebo yabathandekayo ekhaya nasemithandazweni, futhi uzwa amazwi. "Bonjour Tommy" kusho umFulentshi ngokumelene nemifanekiso yabantu kanye namasosha axoxa emigwaqweni. "Abazondayo amaJalimane. Abahlambalazi iziboshwa futhi banakekele abalimele ", kwakungamazwi angenangqondo yomlobi wezindaba waseFrance.
Uzwa izincwadi ezibhalwe ekhaya, nezinkondlo ezivela ezinkulumeni ezinkulu zempi ezifana noWilfred Owen owashona ngaphambi nje kokuthi i- Armistice isayinwe, noSiegfried Sassoon obhala i-General .
"Sawubona. Kuhle ekuseni "kusho uNksz General
Lapho sihlangana naye ngesonto eledlule endleleni yethu eya emgqeni.
Manje amasosha ayemomotheka atholakala kakhulu efile,
Futhi siqalekisa abasebenzi bakhe ngezingulube ezingenalutho. "
Isonto, isiteshi samandla, isitimela esilula, ikamelo lokuxhumana, isibhedlela kanye nomthombo konke kwakhiwa ekukhanyeni kagesi okuphaphathekile, okukhanyayo. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezingaphezu kwezingu-20 kubonisa indlela enamandla kakhulu empilweni yamasosha angaphansi komhlaba, amahlaya abo amnandi noma amahlaya.
I-Battle of Arras
Khona-ke ufika emigwaqweni ehamba phambili eyaholela ekukhanyeni, futhi eziningi zamasosha amancane ("omncane kakhulu" njengomunye ongumFulentshi athi), kuze kube sekufeni kwabo.
Kwasezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambili, lezi zikhali zazibhebhe emigqeni yaseJalimane. Kwakuyi-5 ekuseni, iqhwa neqhwa elibulalayo ngo-Ephreli 9, ngoMsombuluko wePhasika, lapho kuhanjiswa khona ukuphuma kwamakamelo.
Ifilimu Yempi
Indaba iyaqhubeka ngenhla ngefilimu mayelana neMpi. Ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kwaphumelela kakhulu. I-Vimy Ridge yathunjwa yiJenerali Julian Byng waseCanada Corps, futhi idolobha laseMonchy-le-Preux lithathwe. Kodwa ngezinsuku ezimbili ama-allied forces, eyala phezulu, abuyele emuva. Ngaleso sikhathi amaJalimane, ayeseqalile ukuqala, adala impi entsha, aphakamisa izinsizakalo futhi aqala ukubuyisela amakhilomitha ambalwa ama-Allies ayewutholile. Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili, amabutho alwa; Amadoda angu-4 000 alahlekelwa ukuphila kwawo nsuku zonke.
Ulwazi oluwusizo
I-Wellington Quarry, Battle of Arras Memorial
I-Rue Deletoille
I-Arras
Ucingo: 00 33 (0) 3 21 51 26 95
Iwebhusayithi (ngesiNgisi)
Ukungenelela omdala 6.90 euros, ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 3.20 euro
Vula Nsuku Zonke ngo-10: 00: 00: 30: 30: 30: 30: 30;
Kuvaliwe uJan 1, Jan 4th-29th, 2016, Dec 25th, 2016
Izikhombisi: I-Wellington Quarry iphakathi no-Arras.
Vakashela ezinye izindawo zeMpi Yezwe I eNyakatho France