Njengoba negama elihlanganisa konke ubukhulu obudlule besikhathi esidlule saseGibhithe, iSigodi samaKhosi singenye yezindawo zokuvakasha ezithandwa kakhulu ezweni. Itholakala entshonalanga yeNayile, ngqo ngaphesheya komfula kusukela edolobheni lasendulo laseThebes (manje elibizwa ngokuthi iLuxor). Ezindaweni, isigodi singenakwenzeka; kodwa ngaphansi kwendawo yayo engenamanzi kunamathuna angaphezu kuka-60 aqoshiwe, okwakhiwa phakathi kwekhulu le-16 nele-11 BC ukuzobeka ophafayo abafayo boMbuso Omusha.
Isigodi sinezikhali ezimbili ezihlukene - i-West Valley ne-East Valley. Iningi lamathuna lisesandleni sokugcina. Nakuba cishe zonke zaziphangiwe esikhathini esidala, ama-murals nama-hieroglyphs ahlanganisa izindonga zamathuna asebukhosini anikeza ukuqonda okubaluleke kakhulu emikhumweni nezinkolelo zaseGibhithe lasendulo.
Isiqhingi Ezikhathini Zasendulo
Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yokutadisha kabanzi, izazi-mlando eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi iSigodi samaKhosi sasisetshenziswa njengesihlabathi sokungcwaba kwasebukhosini kusukela ngo-1539 BC kuya ku-1075 BC-isikhathi esingangeminyaka engaba ngu-500. Igugu lokuqala elizobe liqoshiwe lapha kwakunguPharao Thutmose I, kuyilapho isigodlo sokugcina sobukhosi kucatshangwa ukuthi sakwaRamesses XI. Akuqiniseki ukuthi kungani uThutmose ngakhetha isigodi njengesayithi le-necropolis yakhe entsha. Ezinye izazi ze-Egyptologists zibonisa ukuthi waphefumulelwa ukusondela kuka-al-Qurn, inqwaba ekholelwa ukuthi ingcwele kunkulunkulukazi uHathor noMeretseger, futhi obomvu babo babhekana nalokho okuyiPiramid Old Old.
Indawo engaseceleni kwesigodi kungenzeka ukuthi yathinteka, okwenza kube lula ukuqapha amathuna ngokumelene nabantu abangaba khona.
Naphezu kwegama laso, iSigodi samaKhosi asizange sithathwe kuphela ngamaharahara. Eqinisweni, iningi lamathuna alo laliyizicukuthwane ezihlonishwayo namalungu omndeni wasebukhosini (nakuba abafazi bamaharahara bebeyobe bengcwatshwe eSigodini saseQueens esiseduze ngemuva kokuqala ukwakhiwa lapho cishe ngo-1301 BC).
Amathuba kuzo zombili izigodi ayezokwakhiwa futhi ahlotshwe ngabasebenzi abanekhono abahlala emzaneni oseduze waseDeir el-Medina. Lokho kwakuwubuhle balezi zihlobiso ukuthi amathuna abelokhu agxile ezokuvakasha izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Ukubhaliswa okusele amaGreki aseMandulo namaRoma kungabonakala emathuneni amaningana, ikakhulukazi akwaRamesses VI (KV9) enezibonelo ezingaphezu kuka-1 000 zegraffiti yasendulo.
Umlando wanamuhla
Muva nje, amathuna abe yimbangela yokuhlola okujulile nokucubungula. Ekhulwini le-18, iNapoleon yanikeza amamephu ajulile eSigodi samaKhosi namathuna awo ahlukahlukene. Abahloli bamazwe baqhubeka ukuvula izindawo ezintsha zokungcwaba phakathi nekhulu le-19, kuze kube yilapho umhloli wamazwe waseMelika uTheodore M. Davis etshela ukuthi isayithi livuliwe ngokugcwele ngo-1912. Kodwa-ke, lapho umvubukuli waseBrithani uWoward Carter eholele ukuhambela okuvezile ithuna likaTutankhamun . Nakuba uTutankhamun ngokwakhe wayenguFaro oyingcosana, ingcebo enhle etholakala ethuneni lakhe yenze lokhu kube yinto evelele kunazo zonke zakudala zakudala.
IsiGodi samaKhosi sasungulwa njenge-UNESCO World Heritage Site ngo-1979 kanye nalo lonke iTheban Necropolis, futhi liyaqhubeka libhekene nokuhlola okuqhubekayo kwemvubukulo.
Yini Okumele Uyenze & Yenze
Namuhla, amathuna angama-63 kuphela angu-63 angawavakashela umphakathi, futhi ayavamile ukuvulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Esikhundleni salokho, iziphathimandla zishintsha ukuthi yiziphi ezivulekile ukuze uzame futhi unciphise imiphumela eyingozi yokuvakasha (kubandakanya ukukhula kwamazinga e-carbon dioxide, ukungqubuzana nomswakama). Emathuneni amaningana, ama-murals avikelwe yizingcweti kanye nezikrini zeglasi; kanti abanye manje bahlome ukukhanyisa kagesi.
Kuwo wonke amathuna esiGodini samaKhosi, ethandwa kakhulu kusekhona iTutankhamun (KV62). Yize kuncane kakhulu futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwaqothulwa ingcebo yayo enkulu, kusenomama wamakhosi omfana, okwakhiwe nge-sarcophagus enziwe ngamapulangwe. Ezinye izinto ezivelele zihlanganisa ithuna likaRamesses VI (KV9) noTuthmose III (KV34). Le yangaphambili ingenye yamathuna amakhulu kunazo zonke futhi azinzile kakhulu, futhi idume ngokuhlobisa kwayo okuningiliziwe okubonisa umbhalo ophelele we-netherworld Book of Caverns.
Leli yinduku endala kunazo zonke ezivulekele izivakashi, futhi libuyela emuva cishe ngo-1450 BC. Umdwebo wesigcawu ubonisa abangaphansi kuka-741 imimoya yaseGibithe, kanti igumbi lokungcwaba lihlanganisa i-sarcophagus enhle eyenziwe nge-quartzite ebomvu.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlela ukuvakashela eMyuziyamu yaseGibhithe eCairo ukuyobona ingcebo esusiwe esiGodini samaKhosi ukuze isivikele. Lezi zihlanganisa inqwaba yamathunjwa, futhi isithwathwa segolide se-Tutankhamun esinobuciko. Qaphela ukuthi izinto eziningana ezivela kwi-cache eyigugu kakhulu eTutankhamun zisanda kudluliselwa eMusimini Omkhulu waseGibhithe eduze kwaseGiza Pyramid Complex - kuhlanganise nenqola yakhe enhle kakhulu yomngcwabo.
Indlela Yokuvakashela
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuvakashela iSigodi samaKhosi. Abahambi abazimele bangaqasha itekisi eLuxor noma e-West Bank izikebhe zokugcina izikebhe ukuze bahambe ngokugcwele ngosuku lwezindawo zeWest Bank, kuhlanganise noMfula wamaKhosi, iSigodi saseQueens neDeir al-Bahri. Uma uzizwa kufanelekile, ukuqasha ibhayisikili kungenye indlela ethandwayo - kodwa qaphela ukuthi umgwaqo ofika esiGodini samaKhosi ukhulu, unothuli futhi ushisayo. Kungenzeka futhi ukugibela esiGodini samaKhosi kusuka kuDeir al-Bahri noma iDeir el-Medina, umzila omfushane kodwa onzima onika imibono emangalisayo yeTheban landscape.
Mhlawumbe indlela elula yokuvakashela ingenye yezinkambo ezingapheli ezigcwele noma ezinemizuzu emithathu ezithengiswa eLuxor. I-Memphis Tours inikeza ukuvakasha kwehora lamahora amane kakhulu eNtabeni yamaKhosi, iCollossi yaseMemnon neThempeli likaHatshepsut, ngamanani ahlanganisa ukuthuthwa kwezimoto, umqondisi okhuluma isiNgisi wase-Egyptologist, zonke izimali zakho zokungena kanye namanzi amabhodlela. I-Egypt Travel Advice Tours inikeza uhambo lwamahora angu-8 oluhlanganisa konke okushiwo ngenhla ngesidlo sasemakhaya endaweni yokudlela yasendaweni nokuvakashelwa okwengeziwe emathempelini aseKarnak naseLuxor.
Ulwazi oluwusizo
Qala ukuvakasha kwakho eSikhungweni Sabantu Abavakashelayo, lapho imodeli yesigodi kanye ne-movie mayelana nokutholakala kukaCarter ethuneni likaTutankhamun kunikezela ngokuningiliziwe lokho okumele balindele ngaphakathi kwamathuna ngokwabo. Kukhona isitimela esincane sikagesi phakathi kweSikhungo Sabantu Abavakashelayo namathuna, okukusindisa ukuhamba okushisayo nokuthutha ngokushintshanisa imali encane. Qaphela ukuthi kunomthunzi omncane esigodini, futhi izinga lokushisa lingase livutha (ikakhulukazi ehlobo). Qinisekisa ukuthi ugqoka kahle futhi ulethe inqwaba yelanga kanye namanzi. Ayikho iphuzu ekuletheleni ikhamera njengezithombe ezingavunyelwe ngokuqinile - kodwa isibani singakusiza ubone kangcono ngaphakathi kwamathuna angenawo.
Amathikithi athengiswa kuma-EGP angama-80 ngomuntu ngamunye, ngemali yokukhokha ye-EGP engu-40 yabafundi. Lokhu kufaka ukungena emathuneni amathathu (noma yikuphi okuvulekile ngosuku). Uzodinga ithikithi elihlukile ukuze uvakashele ethuneni elivulekile elivulekile lase-West Valley, i-KV23, eyayiyingxenye ye-pharaoh Ay. Ngokufanayo, ithuna likaTutankhamun alifakiwe enkampanini evamile yamathikithi. Ungathengela ithikithi lakhe elingu-100 EGP ngomuntu, noma i-EGP engu-50 ngomfundi ngamunye. Esikhathini esidlule, izivakashi eziningi ezingu-5,000 zavakashela iSigodi samaKhosi nsuku zonke, futhi imigqa emide yayiyingxenye yalolu phiko. Kodwa-ke, ukungahlali kahle okwakamuva eGibhithe kuye kwabona ukudonsa okukhulu kwezokuvakasha kanye namathuna kungase kube nzima kakhulu njengomphumela.