EBrithani i-underworld jargon, utshani ngumuntu oyisigebengu ongenazigebengu oshaya abashade naye. Ngakho-ke, uma ufikile kuleli khasi ufuna isikhathi samuva esimweni sezinambuzane e-UK, uzodumazeka.
"Utshani" e-British underworld jargon alutho neze lutho ngokubhema ukhula. Futhi akuyona nje igama; kuyisenzo senzo futhi. Uma ubukela amabhayisikobho mayelana ne-subculture yaseLondon noma ubambe iqhaza elungile leDrama yobugebengu e-British crime on the TV, kungenzeka ukuthi uthola igama elithi "utshani" ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene okuseBrithani.
Nakuba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungase uqoqe incazelo kusuka kumongo owuzungezayo, indlela lapho utshani lusetshenziswa ngayo ngalezi zindlela ezithile kungumdlalo we-puzzle.
Utshani njengeNoun
Utshani yibugebengu noma u-insider ozisa abangane bakhe. Ngandlela-thile, isetshenziswe yinoma ubani okwazisa ngokuziphatha okungalungile noma okubi. Isibonelo, uthisha ozama ukuthola ukuthi ubani ohlukumezayo omunye umfundi angase avuke odongeni oluthile oluvela kwabanye abasha abangafuni ukubonakala njengotshani noma abangafuni utshani kubangane babo.Inkulumo "I-Supergrass" (futhi negama lebandla laseBrithani lama-1990) laphakama phakathi "nezinkinga" zase - Irish futhi lasetshenziselwa ukuchaza amalungu e- IRA ayengama-informers. Namuhla igama elithi Supergrass lisasetshenziswa-ngokuvamile emaphephandabeni ephephandaba-ukuchaza umuntu ngaphakathi ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu zobugebengu noma ngolwazi ngabo.
Utshani njenge-Verb
" Utshani" kumuntu noma kwelinye iqembu kufanele abe ummemezeli.
Ngakho-ke uma utshani ungummemezeli, utshani, utshani noma utshani umuntu othile uchaza isenzo sokukwazisa. Uma utshani umuntu noma into ethile, awugcini nje ngokugcwalisa indima yommemezeli kodwa futhi nomthengi. Kungenxa yokuthi utshani buhambisana nalo mqondo wokuthi "utshani" unikeza ulwazi mayelana nabangane bakhe abaseduze (noma empeleni, nakuba utshani ngalokhu kungavamile ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza abesifazane noma amantombazane).
Uma ubona ubugebengu obungahlangani nanoma ubani owaziyo bese unikeza ubufakazi emaphoyiseni, ufakazi nje, hhayi utshani; unikeza ubufakazi, hhayi utshani. Ukuthungatha kungokungathengisa oontanga bakho ngokusebenza njengommemezeli.
Iziqalo
Ukusetshenziswa kotshani "nokutshala" ngale ndlela kwavela njengomgwaqo emgwaqweni waseLondon olwahlukumeza ubugebengu futhi ubuya ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kukhona imibono emibili ethandwayo mayelana nokuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani. Enye inguqulo ibonisa ukuthi itholakala enkulumweni yenyoka enotshani. Lokho, empeleni, idlule yonke indlela eya kumlobi ongumRoma uVilil. Kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kusukela ekuqaleni ukusetshenziswa kwaphakathi kwesigaba sokukhubazeka seLondon, kungukuthi kuyisigqi slang for "ukuthenga" noma "shopper," enezincazelo ezifanayo (ukuthenga othile ukuthi ungene emaphoyiseni) .
Landela, uma ukhona, umzila ophikisayo ngokusebenzisa i-rhyming slang egcina ukukhiqiza lolu hlelo lokusebenzisa utshani ekugcineni.
- Amaphoyisa ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-coppers" e-slang yaseBrithani.
- ELondon i-rhyming slang, iphoyisa noma ithusi iba "ngotshani".
- Omunye ophendula ama-pals akhe, noma imininingwane yakhe emaphoyiseni "izitolo" ezigunyeni.
- Lokhu kwenza lowo muntu abe "utshani obusotshani."
- Yenza lula "utshani obusotshani" bese uqeda "utshani".
Mhlawumbe yilapho igama livela khona futhi mhlawumbe imvelaphi yalo izohlala igcwele imfihlakalo.
Ukubizwa ngegama: ɡrɑːs, imilolozo nembongolo noma imbongolo yaseBrithani
Futhi eyaziwa ngokuthi: wazisa / ummemezeli, umthengi / umthengisi, umthengi / umkhapheli
Isibonelo
Ngo-2001, iLondon Evening Standard ibike ngo-"arch criminal" ogama lakhe linguMichael Michael owayekuthi "yi-Greatgrass" yaseBrithani.
Nakhu okushiwo yi-athikili, nguPaul Cheston, okufika enhliziyweni yalokho utshani nesenzo sokutshala yilo:
Akagcini nje ukwazisa kwezinye zezigebengu eziyingozi kakhulu ezisebenza namuhla, waphendukela kumama wakhe, umfowenu, umkakhe, inkosikazi kanye no-madam owayegijimela imishado yakhe. Futhi, kwakuzovela, ubelokhu "ehlanya" osebenza nabo obugebengu iminyaka eminingi. Ekulingweni kwakhe wavuma ukusikisela ukuthi "ungumqambimanga ohloniphekile" futhi wanikeza lo jury le ncazelo: "Yebo, kwadingeka ngiqambe amanga, ngisho nasemndenini wami. Kusemabhizinisini okukwazisa nokuphatha ... ukungathembeki kuza insimu. Abangane bami, umndeni kanye nomthandi bonke balindele ukulingwa ngenxa yami. "