Ukuthutha komphakathi nokuhamba ngezinyawo kuphephile kunazo zonke e-US
Phakathi nokuziphendukela kwemboni yethu yanamuhla yokuhamba, abaningi baye baxoxisana isikhathi eside ngokuthi iyiphi indlela yokuphepha ephephile. Nakuba izingozi zezindiza ezishicilelwe kakhulu ziye zabangela abanye ukuba bafunge ukufika esibhakabhakeni, abanye bangase bangabikho ukuhamba ngeholide ngenxa yokwesaba amanzi. Yini ngempela indlela yokuphepha ephephile?
Njalo ngonyaka, uMnyango wezokuThutha we-US of Transportation Statistics ulandelela zonke izigameko ezibandakanya zonke izindlela ezinkulu zokuhamba: umoya, imoto, isitimela, isikebhe kanye nokuhamba komphakathi.
Izibalo zinikeza ukubuka kabanzi lapho ukulimala nokufa kwabantu abaningi khona khona, kodwa bahluleka ukubiza igama esithombeni ngasinye - okusho ukuthi izinombolo, njengezibalo eziningi, zingachazwa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ngenhloso yokuqhathanisa, sakhetha ukukala izindlela eziphephile zokuhamba njengalezo ezinokufa okungenani ngonyaka.
Iyiphi indlela yokuphepha ephephile? Nansi ukuphazamiseka kwazo zonke izingozi ezihlobene nokuhamba ngo-2014 ezivela eMnyangweni wezokuThutha.
Ukuhamba kwezindiza: abantu abangu-439 ababulalayo e-United States
Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka, izindiza zazibhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuhamba-kodwa zafika ezinozini eziningi. Ngo-1985, kwakukhona ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-1 500 e-United States, cishe cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zalabo abavela ezingozini zendiza.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe buye buthuthukisa kakhulu irekhodi lokuphepha kwezindiza , ekugcineni kunciphisa inani lezingozi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngonyaka we-2014, kwakunezinguquko ezingu-439 zokuhamba ngezindiza. Akekho kulezi zigameko ezithathwa yizigameko zezindiza-kunalokho, lezi zigameko zazihlobene nezitekisi zomoya ezifunayo kanye nezindiza jikelele, njengezindiza eziqhutshwa ngasese.
Ukuxoshwa kuwo wonke umhlaba, imibiko ye-Aviation Safety Network kwakunezingu-761 zokuhweba ezokuhweba ezokuhweba ngo-2014, ngenxa yecala lokuhlupheka kwe-Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 ne-Air Algerie Flight 5017.
Lapho izigameko zangasese ezizimele zifakwe kulowo nombolo, kunezinhlekelele ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 ezihlobene nokuhamba kwezindiza emhlabeni jikelele. Uma kuqhathaniswa, kwakunezingu-2,331 zokuhweba ezokuhweba ezokuhweba ngo-1985 - ukunciphisa ukubulawa kwabantu ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60 phakathi neminyaka engu-20 edlule. Kusuka kwedatha yodwa, abahambi bangaphetha ngokuthi ukuhamba emoyeni kungenye yezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuhamba.
Ukuhamba ngezimoto: Ukufa kwabantu abangu-32,675 e-United States
Ngokungangabazeki uhlobo lokuthandwa kakhulu e-United States, ukuhamba kwezimoto kwenza iningi lokuhamba kwethu kwansuku zonke. Ngokusho kwe-Federal Highway Administration, kunabashayeli abangaba ngu-685 kuzo zonke izakhamuzi eziyi-1 000 e-United States, okwenza izimoto zibe yindlela yokuthutha etholakalayo kakhulu. Naphezu kwalokhu, amadolobha aseMelika azange enze uhlu lwezindawo ezimbi kunawo wonke zokushayela .
Ngenxa yocingo elikhulu labashayeli emgwaqeni, kunamathuba amaningi ezingozi nezokufa. Ngo-2014, uMnyango wezokuThutha wabika abantu abangu-32 675 ababulalayo, okwenza umgwaqo omkhulu uhambe ngendlela ebulalayo kunazo zonke eMelika.
Nakuba kunamathuba amaningi engozini emigwaqweni yomabili yaseMelika nasemhlabeni wonke , izingozi zemoto ezibulalayo ziyaqhubeka.
Ngo-2014, izingozi zabagibeli bezimoto kuphela zazingaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zokufa kwabantu abahamba emgwaqweni omkhulu - isikhathi esisezingeni eliphezulu kusukela ngo-1975. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhamba ngebhasi kwaba yindlela ehamba phambili yokuhamba, njengoba kwabulawa abantu abangu-44 kuphela ebhasi izingozi ngo-2014. Kuze kube yilapho izigameko zeloli zihamba khona: kubalwa abantu abangu-9 753 kuzo zonke izigameko.
Ukuhamba kwezitimela: 769 ababulalayo e-United States
Uma sekucatshangwa indlela yaseMelika yokuhamba ibanga elide, izitimela zisaphila futhi zihlala emiphakathini eminingi. Emaceleni omabili, izitimela zakha enye yezindlela ezihamba kahle kakhulu zokuhamba, kodwa futhi zize zibe nezinkinga ezithile.
Sekuphelele, kwakunezingu-769 ezihlobene nezitimela e-United States ngonyaka ka-2014. Nokho, amahlanu kuphela kulawo ayebangelwa izingozi zezitimela. Iningi lalezi zigameko lavela kulabo abaphutha emigwaqeni yesitimela: abantu abangu-471 babulawa ngezigameko ezimbi.
Abanye abangu-264 babulawa ezingozini ezibandakanya ukuwela kwezitimela, kanti abanye abashonele kwezinye izenzakalo "ezingafaki izingozi zezitimela noma izigameko zokuwela. Kulabo abanokufinyelela ezitimeleni, ukuhamba ngesitimela kuhlala enye yezindlela zokuphepha eziphephile ..
Ukuhamba komphakathi: 236 ababulalayo e-United States
Ngenxa yokudabula emadolobheni amakhulu, abaningi bathemba izinhlelo zokuthutha zomphakathi ukuba zizithathe kusukela ekugcineni kuya endaweni. Ngethebula lamathemba elithembekile kanye nezindleko eziphansi, ukuhamba komphakathi kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuhamba emadolobheni amakhulu aseMelika.
Ukuhamba komphakathi nakho kuyindlela ephelele kunazo zonke zokuhamba. Ngonyaka ka-2014, kwakukhona inani labantu abangu-236 ababulalayo elihlobene nokuthutha komphakathi. Kodwa-ke, yizingu-58 kuphela zezigameko ezibandakanya abagibeli. Abasebenzi abane bokuthutha babulawa ezenzakalweni zomphakathi, kanti abangu-174 ababulalayo babhekwa ngokuthi "ezinye" ezingabandakanya (kodwa azikhawulelwe) abaphambene nabanye ngokuhamba kwemigwaqo yomphakathi.
Nakuba izindlela zokuhamba zomphakathi zingase zibe yindlela yokuhamba ehamba ngokuphepha, kunezingozi ezihambisana nayo eza nazo. Abagibeli abasemigwaqweni engaphansi nasemabhasi bavame ukubhekwa njengeziqalo eziyinhloko zokungena nokukhethwa kwezigebengu.
Ukuthuthwa kwebhayisikili: ama-674 abulalayo e-United States
Okokugcina, ukuhamba ngesikebhe, kufaka phakathi amafriji, akuvikelekile engxenyeni yabo yezingozi ezibulalayo. Ngo-2014, uMnyango WezokuThutha wabika izigameko ezingu-674 ezibulalayo phakathi kwazo zonke izitsha nemikhumbi yamanzi.
Kwaphinda futhi, ukuthutha kwabagibeli kwakunezigameko ezimbalwa, okwenzeka ku-14 kuphela okufa konyaka. Izikebhe zokuzijabulisa zakhiwa iningi labantu ababulalayo: abantu abangu-610 babulawa ezingozini zokuhamba. Ezinye izitsha zokuhweba, ezihlanganisa izikebhe zokudoba, zinezingozi ezingu-32, kanti izitsha zokuthutha zibike ukuthi kubulawe abangu-18 emanzini aseMelika.
Nakuba kunezingozi eziphilayo eziza ngokuhamba, abahambi abafundelayo banganciphisa lezo zingozi ngokusebenzisa ulwazi nokuphepha. Ngokuqonda ukuthi ukulimala kwenzeka kanjani ezimweni ezifanayo zokuhamba, wonke umuntu ohambahambayo angenza izinqumo ezingcono mayelana nokuthi akuhambanga nje kuphela lapho ehamba khona, kodwa yiziphi izindlela ezihamba phambili zokuhamba.