Naphezu kokukhonza njengomengameli wekota elilodwa nje, uNelson Mandela uzokhunjulwa kuze kube phakade njengomholi onethonya kunazo zonke eNingizimu Afrika ewake waziwa. Uyingxenye yendwangu yezwe - hhayi nje ngoba wayengumongameli wokuqala omnyama, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi wasebenza ngokungakhathali kokubili nangemva kokukhethwa kwakhe ukuletha ukuthula nokulingana ngokobuhlanga ezweni elibonakala lihlukaniswe ngandlululo.
Namuhla, ubhekiswa ngothando ngabantu baseNingizimu Afrika ngegama lomndeni wakhe, uMadiba. Isithombe sakhe sitholakala ngemali kazwelonke, futhi kukhona uNelson Mandela ngezikhumbuzo ezweni lonke. Kulesi sihloko, sibheke izindawo ezifake impilo kaMadiba ebusweni bokuqala, kanye nemigomo engabonakala khona namhlanje.
I-Transkei: Indawo yaseMandela
UNelson Mandela wazalwa ngoJulayi 18th 1918 edolobhaneni laseMvezo, elisendaweni yaseTranskei eNingizimu Afrika. I-Transkei yayizoba yindawo yokuqala yamazwe amnyama angu-10 asetshenziswa ngaphansi kohulumeni wobandlululo, futhi iminyaka eminingi izakhamizi zayo zadingeka ziwele ukulawulwa kwemingcele yokungena eNingizimu Afrika. Namuhla, iyindawo yasekhaya yaseShayina eyaziwa ngezinto ezimbili - ubuhle bayo bemvelo, obuhle obungenakulinganiswa, nobuhle bayo njengendawo yokuzalwa kaMandela kanye nabaningi bezinsuku zakhe (kuhlanganise nabanye abashisekeli bezandla, uWalter Sisulu, uChris Hani no- Oliver Tambo ).
UMandela waya esikoleni eQunu, esenyakatho yeMvezo. Kukhona lapha ukuthi wanikezwa igama lakhe lobuKristu, uNelson - ngaphambilini wayaziwa emndenini wakhe njengoRohlilahla, igama lesiXhosa elisho "inkathazo".
Namuhla, izivakashi eziya eTranskei zisasadingeki ukuba ziseze amaphasipoti abo - lesi sifundazwe saphinda senziwa kabusha eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kokuwa kobandlululo.
Kunezimboni ezimbili eziyinhloko kulabo abanethemba lokulandela ezinyathelweni zikaMadiba - uMsombuluko waseNelson Mandela eMthatha, inhloko-dolobha yaseTranskei; kanye neNelson Mandela Youth & Centre Centre eQunu. Owokuqala unikeza ukubuka konke impilo yomengameli, ngokusekelwe encwadini yakhe, Long Walk kuya Freedom . Ibuye ibe nemiboniso yesikhashana futhi iqukethe ukuboniswa kwezipho ezinikezwe uMandela ngezibani zaseNingizimu Afrika nakwamanye amazwe phakathi nokuphila kwakhe. Isikhungo saseQunu sigxile ekutheni impilo kaMandela isenesikhathi sokuqala, inomzila wefa elikuyisa emagqabeni njengokwakhiwa kwesikole sakhe esidala kanye nezinsalela zesonto lapho ebhapathiziwe khona.
Johannesburg: Ukuzalwa kukaMandela
Ngo-1941, uNelson Mandela osemncane wafika eGoli, eshiya iTranskei ukuze abalekele umshado ohleliwe. Kukhona lapho eseqedile i-BA degree, waqala ukuqeqeshwa njengommeli futhi wahlanganyela ne-African National Congress (ANC). Ngo-1944, wabeka i-ANC Youth League no-Oliver Tambo, ozogcina engumengameli weqembu. UMandela noTambo nabo bamisa umthetho wezomthetho wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika lapha ngo-1952. Eminyakeni eyalandela, i-ANC yaqala ukukhukhumeza, futhi uMandela kanye nabangane bakhe baboshwa izikhathi eziningana, kuze kube sekugcineni ngo-1964, yena nabanye abangu-7 bagwetshwa ukuboshwa ejele ngemuva kwecala leRivonia Trial.
Kukhona izindawo eziningana eGoli ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuphila kukaMandela edolobheni. Isimiso sakho sokuqala kufanele sibe iThe Mandela House edolobheni laseSoweto, lapho uMandela nomndeni wakhe behlala khona kusukela ngo-1946 kuya ku-1996. Empeleni, uMandela wafika lapha ngemuva kokuthola inkululeko ngo-1990. Manje ophethe iSoweto Heritage Trust, indlu Ugcwele uMemorabilia Mandela nezithombe zokuphila kwakhe ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa eRobben Island. ULiliesleaf Farm ungenye ukuvakashela abalandeli bakaMandela eGoli. Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni eRivonia, ipulazi laliyisikhungo esiyimfihlo sokusebenza kwabasebenzi be-ANC phakathi nawo-1960. Namuhla, i-museum isitshela indaba kaMandela nezinye izinkululeko zokudlala, kanye nomzabalazo wabo ngokumelene nohulumeni wobandlululo.
I-Robben Island: Ijele likaMandela iminyaka engu-18
Ngemuva kwecala likaRivonia, uMandela wathunyelwa etilongweni lezombangazwe eRobben Island , eThekwini Bay.
Wahlala lapha iminyaka engu-18 eyalandela, ephethe umsebenzi ophoqelekile emgodini emini futhi elele esitokisini esincane ebusuku. Manje iNdawo Yamagugu Ezwe Le-UNESCO , uRobben Island akasisekho ejele. Izivakashi zingahlola amangqamuzana nokugaya kwakunguMandela wasebenza ohambweni lwezinsuku ezivela eKapa, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komuntu owayekade eboshiwe ozokwazi ukuqonda ukuthi impilo yayiyiphi indlela kaMandela nezinye izishoshovu eziboshiwe lapha . Okunye ukuma kulolu hambo kunikeza ulwazi mayelana nomlando wonyaka wama-500, kuhlanganise nesikhathi saso njengekoloni enesibindi. Okubalulekile, ukuvakashelwa ngokomzwelo kumakhalekhukhwini kaMandela.
Ijele likaVictor Verster: Ukuphela Kokuboshwa
Ngemva kokulwa nomdlavuza wesifo sofuba nesifo sofuba, uMandela wadluliselwa ejele lasePollsmoor eKapa futhi kamuva wachitha izinyanga ezimbalwa esibhedlela. Lapho ekhululwa ngo-1988, wadluliselwa ejele laseVictor Verster, eliseCape Winelands. Wasebenzisa izinyanga ezingu-14 zokugcina zokuboshwa kwakhe iminyaka engu-27 ngokududuza ngokweqile, endlini yomgcini wesikhwama esikhundleni sensimbi. Ekuqaleni kuka-February 1990, ukuvinjelwa kwe-ANC kwaphakanyiswa njengoba ubandlululo luqala ukulahlekelwa. NgoFebhuwari 9, uNelson Mandela ekugcineni wakhululwa - eminyakeni emine nje kamuva, uzobe ukhethwe ngentando yeningi njengomongameli wokuqala omnyama wezwe. Ijele manje seliyisikhungo sokulungiswa kwezigwegwe eGroot Drakenstein. Izivakashi ziza ukuhlonipha isithombe sikaBeautiful, sakhiwe endaweni lapho athatha khona izinyathelo zokuqala njengomuntu okhululekile.