Ubaba uJunipero Serra nguYise weMisebenzi
Ubaba uJunipero Serra uyaziwa ngokuthi ngubaba ka-California wase-California. Yena ngokwakhe wasungula izinceku ezingu-9 zaseCalifornia ezingu-21 futhi wasebenza njengomongameli we-California mission kusukela ngo-1767 waze wafa ngo-1784.
Ubaba kaSearra's Early Life
Ubaba uSerra wazalelwa uMiguel Jose Serra ngoNovemba 24, 1713, ePetra esiqhingini saseMallorca eSpain. Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, wangena e-Franciscan Order of the Catholic Church, iqembu labapristi abalandela izimfundiso zikaSt.
UFrancis wase-Assisi. Lapho ejoyina, wayishintsha igama lakhe ngokuthi uJunipero.
USerra wayengumuntu ohlakaniphile owayenguprofesa wezinkolo. Wabonakala ehloselwe ukuphila okuqhubekayo kwezemfundo.
Ubaba uSerra Uya eNew New
Ngo-1750, ubaba uSerra wayemdala (ngezindinganiso zosuku lwakhe) nasempilo embi. Naphezu kwalokhu, uSerra wazinikela ukuba abe yisithunywa sevangeli saseFranciscan eNew World.
USerra wayegula lapho efika eVera Cruz, eMexico, kodwa waqhubeka ehamba esuka lapho eya eMexico City, eqhele ngamakhilomitha angu-200. Endleleni, umlenze uyamtshela, futhi ukulunywa kwatholakala. Lokhu ukulimala kwamhlupha impilo yakhe yonke.
Ubaba uSerra wasebenza eSier Gorda endaweni enyakatho yeMexico eMelika iminyaka engu-17 eyalandela. Ngo-1787, amaFranciscans athatha izintambo zaseCalifornia ezivela kumaJesuit, futhi uYise Serra wabekwa icala.
Ubaba uSerra Uya eCalifornia
Lapho eneminyaka engu-56 ubudala, uSerra waya eCalifornia okokuqala ngqa nomhloli wamazwe uGaspar de Portola.
Izisusa zabo zazingezombangazwe nezenkolo. ISpain ifuna ukulawula iCalifornia ngaphambi kokuba amaRussia aqhubekele kuwo evela enyakatho.
U-Serra wahamba namasosha futhi wasungula ukuthutha ensimini entsha. Endleleni eya eCalifornia, umlenze kaSerra wawunzima kangangokuba wayengakwazi ukuhamba kancane, kodwa wenqaba ukubuyela eMexico.
Ucashunwe ethi "Ngisho noma kufanele ngife endleleni, ngeke ngibuyele emuva."
USerra Uba ngubaba we-California Missions
USerra wasebenzisa impilo yakhe yonke njengenhloko yemisebenzi eCalifornia, esungula ukuthunywa okwesishiyagalolunye kubo bonke - kuhlanganise neSt. San Carlos de Borromeo eKarmeli lapho wayenendlunkulu yakhe.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezifezekile, iSerra yaqala izinhlelo zokulima nokunisela futhi yaguqula amaNdiya ebuKristwini. Ngeshwa, akuwona wonke umphumela wokuhlala kweSpanishi okwakungcono. Abapristi baseSpain namasosha babephethe izifo zaseYurophu abahlali ababengenakho igciwane. Lapho amaNdiya ebamba lezo zifo, zazivame ukufa. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu baseNdiya baseCalifornia benqaba ukusuka ku-300 000 ngo-1769 kuya ku-200 000 ngo-1821.
Ubaba uSerra wayeyindoda encane eyayisebenza kanzima naphezu kokugula okungokomzimba okuhlanganisa i-asthma nesifo emlenze wakhe ongazange uphulukiswe. Wayebhekene nezikhwebu ze-scurvy futhi wahamba futhi wagibela ihhashi ngamakhilomitha ngamakhilomitha amaningi ezindaweni eziyingozi futhi eziyingozi.
Njengokuba lokhu kwakungeke kwanele, uSerra wayaziwa ngezenzo ezihloswe ukuphika ukulangazelela nokuzidla kwakhe, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuzibangela ubuhlungu. Wayegqoke amahembe amakhulu aphethe izintambo ezibukhali ezikhonjiswe ngaphakathi, wazishaya waze waqothula, futhi wasebenzisa ikhandlela elivuthayo ukuze aphule esifubeni sakhe.
Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, wahamba amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-24 000 esikhathini sakhe sokuphila.
Ubaba uSerra wafa ngo-1784 eneminyaka engu-70 eMission San Carlos de Borromeo. Wangcwatshwa ngaphansi kwesitezi esingcwele.
USerra Uba Ngcwele
Ngo-1987, uPapa John Paul II wancoma uBarra Serra, isinyathelo esendleleni yokuya e-sainthood. Ngo-2015, uPapa Francis wenza u-Serra ingcweti ngesikhathi evakashele e-United States.
Ngonyaka ka-2015, uPapa Francis wakhonsa uSerra, wamenza waba ngcwele. Kwakuyisenzo abanye abantu abahlambalaza futhi abanye balahlwa. Uma ufuna ukuthola umbono ohlangothini zombili zombili, funda lesi sihloko kusuka ku-CNN, ehlanganisa imininingwane evela enzalweni yabamaMelika aseMelika asebenza ukuthola i-santadi ye-Serra.
Imisebenzi Ehlelwe nguBaba Baba
- ISan Diego de Alcala , ngo-1769
- San Carlos de Borromeo de Carmelo , 1770
- I-San Antonio de Padua , ngo-1771
- I-San Gabriel Arcangel , ngo-1771
- San Luis Obispo de Tolosa , 1772
- I-San Juan Capistrano , 1776
- ISan Francisco de Asis , 1776
- USanta Clara de Asis , 1777
- ISan Buenaventura , ngo-1782