Ukuvakasha kwe "Hanoi Hilton", i-Infamous Hoa Lo Prison eVietnam

01 kwezingu-10

Isingeniso eHoa Lo Prison, noma "Hanoi Hilton", eHanoi, eVietnam

I-Hoa Lo Prison , eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "i-Hanoi Hilton", iyimyuziyamu eseduze neQuarter Quarter yaseHanoi, eVietnam . Yakhiwa okokuqala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1890 yizakhamuzi zaseVietnam zaseFinland njengejele eliphakathi (Maison Centrale) lezigebengu zaseVietnam.

Njengoba ukuphathwa kweNyakatho yeVietnam kwadlulela emaFulentshi kuya emaJapane kuya kumaKomanisi aseVietnam, iziboshwa zashintsha kanye namaKhomanisi aseVietnam ababoshiwe yiziphathimandla zaseFrance ezesabekayo zanikeza iziboshwa zaseMelika ezimpini neziboshwa zase-Vietnamese zesazela.

Uma ngabe ulindele i-akhawunti elandelwe ngokwethembeka ye-American POW yokuphila eHanoi Hilton, noma kunjalo, uzodumala kakhulu ngomboniso - umlando ubhaliwe abawunqobile, nhlobo, futhi indaba abatshela lapha yileyo amaKhomanisi aseVietnam abanobuqhawe ababeboshwe, bahlushwa futhi babulawa abahlali baseFrance nabaseJapane.

Ukufika eHanoi Hilton

I-Hoa Lo Ijele itholakala kalula ngetekisi; I-Pho Hoa Lo ilungile ekhoneni le-Pho Ha Ba Trung, eningizimu yeHoan Kiem Lake ngasemkhatsini we-Quarter yesiFulentshi. Funda mayelana nokuthutha eHanoi .

Ijele lihlala ubude be-Pho Hoa Lo, egijima e-Pho Hai Ba Trung kuya e-Pho Tho Nhuom. Kuphela kuphela ukuphela kwalo kuseningizimu - okunye okugesi kwagonywa yi-Hanoi Towers eyinkimbinkimbi ngawo-1990.

Ukuze ungene, kuzodingeka ukhokhe imali yokungena ye-VND 20,000 (cishe i-$ 1 US) esangweni, kodwa uzonikezwa incwajana yombala uma ukhokha. Isithombe sivunyelwe.

02 kwezingu-10

I-Phu Kanh Village Display

Uma ungena esangweni bese ukhokhela imali yokungena, uzoqondiswa esakhiweni eside eduze kwesokudla sakho. Igumbi lokuqala oyifakayo libonisa isibonakaliso esibonisa idolobhana lasePhu Kanh eliye lahlala endaweni ye-Hoa Lo Prison.

Leli dolobha lalidayisa ngokuyinhloko ekukhiqizeni nasekuthengiseni indlu ye-ceramic, eyanika igama lomgwaqo igama elithi "Hoa Lo" ngokuqondile lihunyushwe "esitofu" noma "isithando somlilo", esasiphezu kwendawo yonke ekhishwa imikhiqizo yamanzi yobumba ubusuku.

Igumbi lokuqala likhombisa ubumba obudala kanye nemilenge ejwayelekile yendawo ngaphambi kokuba isiFulentshi sichithe idolobha ukuze senze indlela yejele laseHoa Lo. Cishe imizi engamakhulu ayishumi yadluliselwa kule nqubo.

03 ka-10

The Horrors of Hoa Lo

Ikamelo lesibili esakhiweni sibonisa i-diorama yeHoa Lo Prison emuva kwesikhathi sayo, kanye nesango elikhulu lensimbi elisha phezu kwekamelo.

Isango lalivame ukuma "emlonyeni we-monster" (umnyango wangaphambili lapho izivakashi zingena khona ukuze zingene eHoa Lo Prison); namuhla, lesi sikhulu sensimbi ensimbi yisona esithinta kakhulu ekamelweni esethula izivakashi ekuhlukunyezweni nasekusongweni okuhlangenwe nakho kweziboshwa eHoa Lo.

04 kwezingu-10

Ukugcinwa Kwaboshwa Neziboshwa Eziboshiwe

Ukuqedwa kwe "E" kuyigumbi elide elinamakhompi ase-Vietnamese abanjwe iziboshwa zaseVietnam ezihlanjululwe emigqeni emibili, nekamelo lokugcina endaweni eyodwa. Njengoba umuntu angacabanga esithombeni, impilo njengesiboshwa sezombangazwe eHoa Lo kwakungeyona ipikiniki.

Iziboshwa zazivinjelwe ezimweni ezivusa amadlingozi, ukudla okuvuthwa kokudla kabili nsuku zonke, futhi kwavunyelwa imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu ukuphuma emaketangeni abo nsuku zonke. I-Academic Peter Zinoman, ebhala encwadini yakhe ethi The Colonial Bastille: A History of Imprisonment eVietnam, ngo-1862-1940, ichaza izimo ekuqedeni njengendlela yobuciko emajele aseFrance:

"Iziboshwa eziningi zazihlala ndawonye endaweni yokuhlala, ngokuvamile i-edifice ejele. Lapho, zonke iziboshwa zihlezi eceleni, ezikhungweni eziphakeme ezikhonjiwe ezazingxenyeni ezindongeni. izindandatho, lapho ibha yensimbi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-barre de justice, isetshenziswe. Ukubavimbela ukuba bangahambi ngokukhululekile ekamelweni elivulekile, iziboshwa zalala nezinyawo zazo ziboshwe emgodini. "

Amaketanga akakwazanga ukuvimbela iziboshwa ukuba zihlangane, kunjalo. U-Zinoman ucaphuna owayekade eboshiwe, owakhumbula isikhathi sakhe etilongweni ngomqondo wokuzizwa. "Ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle ngamaketanga asezinyaweni zethu, sasithokozile ngoba sasisondelene futhi singabelane ngezinkumbulo ezijabulisayo nezibuhlungu," kusho oboshiwe.

05 ka-10

Umgodla eHoa Lo Prison

I- cachot , noma ijele , lapho iziboshwa eziyingozi noma ezizibulala zigcinwa khona yedwa. Esitokisini ngasinye esincane, isiboshwa sasihlanganiswa phansi, futhi indawo yayigcinwa ngaphansi kokuqapha.

06 kwangu-10

I-Corridor kanye Nezikhumbuzo

Uma usuphuma endaweni eyodwa, uzohamba emgodini ongaphandle ongaphandle lapho iziboshwa eziningana ezikhunjulwa khona iziboshwa zaseVietnam zimi, kufaka phakathi umkhumbi lapho iziboshwa eziyisihlanu zaseVietnam zokufa zibalekela khona ngoKhisimusi ngo-1951. UHaa Lo wayengakaze 'abalekele ubufakazi' naphezu idumela layo elishaqisayo - ama-jailbreaks amaningi aphumelelayo alotshwe emlandweni omude wejele.

Ababoshiwe baphinde bakwazi ukuphuma ngaphandle komnyango wejele; ekushintsheni okudidekile phakathi kwegunya lesiFulentshi neJapane ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II, ezinye iziboshwa zashintsha izingubo zabo zasejele futhi zabalekela.

07 kwangu-10

Guillotine on Death Row

Ngemuva kokuwela ubude begumbi, uzodlula endaweni yokuboshwa kweziboshwa zesifazane, ngaphambi kokuba ungene endlini yegalari eyenziwe ngabakholisi baseFrance. Iziboshwa zabesifazane azizange zikhululwe embusweni wamajele angamahloni - izingcaphuno zaseZinoman ezivela embikweni owenziwe uMnuz Chastenet de Géry emibhalweni yesimo sabantu abangenacala.

"Ingxenye yesifazane ibonisa isimo sengqondo sokuhlanzeka nokuziphatha kanye nombono wesintu esilula isithombe sokuvukela ngempela. Endaweni eyakhelwe iziboshwa ezingu-100 ezingaphezulu, izidalwa ezingu-225 ezidabukisayo zivaliwe. isixuku esingenakulinganiswa, iziboshwa zezombusazwe, iziboshwa ezivamile, abahlukumezi bezingane, nabomama abayishumi nambili, kanye nezingane zabo. "

Isiboshwa somgodlu wokufa simi ngokushesha ngemuva kwesigcawu sesifazane - kuleli gumbi, ubugebengu bobaphathi bamaColonial colonial bahlelwe ngokuningiliziwe.

I-guillotine ibhekene nodonga olulodwa ukuze igcizelele ukubulawa okubuhlungu okwenzeka lapha; Isithombe sokuvuna samakhanda amathathu aqokiwe sithunyelwe eduze kwalo. Leli guillotine elithile laliphathekayo - okwakungcono kakhulu kwakwaziwa ukuthi kwenzekile eYen Bai Prison, lapho amalungu ayishumi nanye eqembu lobuzwe abulawa yi-blade.

Esinye isibonakaliso kuleli kamelo sikhombisa ama-portraits we-Hoa Lo abesifazane abafa lapha; ukuhlupheka kwabo kanye nesiphetho esizayo ekuchazweni.

08 kwezingu-10

I-Memorial Garden

I-stop next ihlala endaweni enkulu kunazo zonke eHoa Lo Prison: isikhumbuzo lesikhumbuzo esihloniphekile sokufa kwenhlangano yezinguquko zaseVietnam . Kubantu baseMelika, lesi sikhumbuzo singabonisa ukuxhuma kwe-jarring - ngemva kwakho konke, asizange sikhulume ukuze sikholwe "iHanoi Hilton" kwakuwuphawu lokucindezelwa?

Kodwa i-Hoa Lo Prison ibeka isithunzi esihlukile emlandweni waseVietnam - ngaphansi kwesiFulentshi, ijele laliyisisekelo sokuvukela umbuso, futhi labo abafa ngezimo zalo ezingenakuqhathaniswa babhekwa namuhla ngabase-Vietnamese njengabafel 'ukholo. Ukuhlangenwe nakho kwe-American POW kuHoa Lo, esizobona okulandelayo, kufanelwe kodwa kunombhalo ophansi ongokomlando emlandweni wejele, kanye nomlando weVietnam kabanzi.

09 kwezingu-10

Isiboniso sePilot

Ukwaziswa kwe-American POW ku "Hanoi Hilton" phakathi neMpi YeVietnam kudlalwa ngokuphelele "egumbini eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", owaziwa nangokuthi umbukiso wokushayela. Ama-galleries amabili kulo mbukiso wezokushayela ubonisa umbono obonakele kakhulu we-POW wokuphila eHoi Lo Prison yaseHanoi.

Elinye igalari lichaza ukulimala okuvakashelwe eVietnam ngamabhanodi aseMelika futhi bezama ukugweba ukuboshwa kwamakhulu ama-POWs aseMelika, abagibeli abadubule phansi eNorth Vietnam bese beboshwa ejele laseVietnam njengoHoa Lo. I-Arizona Senator uJohn McCain udlala indima evelele kulo mbukiso, njengoba i-suit yayo yokuthunjwa yendiza imile ekugcineni kwegalari futhi imiphumela yakhe isakazeke kulo lonke lo mbukiso.

Igalari yesibili ihlose ukubonisa isilinganiso esiphakathi kwePOW kuHoa Lo, nezithombe zamasosha aseMelika ahlambulukile futhi aphilile adala isithombe esivuthayo sokuphila kwejele. Isonto elifana nesiphambano nesiphambano nemifanekiso ye-POWs emthandazweni nokulungiselela isidlo sakusihlwa sikaKhisimusi sinikeza umbono wenkululeko engokwenkolo engapheli.

Izithombe ezisendlini yegalari zihluke kakhulu ngokulandelana kwama-akhawunti anikezwe ama-POWs abuyelayo njengoMcCain noRobinson Risner; sibona umbono kahulumeni waseVietnam wokuphila eHoa Lo, kodwa akukho lutho kuwo wonke umbono wePOWs.

10 kwangu-10

ISikhumbuzo kuya kumaPatriot and Revolutionary Fighters

Ukugcina ukuma eHoa Lo tour kuyindawo ephansi yesibili, enezindlu ezimbalwa eziyisikhumbuzo kwabasindile eHoa Lo Prison. Amagama eziboshwa eziphawulekayo eHoa Lo zikhunjulwa ngezibhebhe zethusi odongeni. Igumbi libonisa imiphumela yabo siqu (kufaka phakathi ifulegi elikhulu lama-Vietnamese elibizayo) futhi likhumbuza isikhala seqembu lamaKhomanisi esasungulwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga ze-Hoa Lo Prison.

UbuKhomanisi baseVietnam kungenzeka bezalelwe emajele afana noHoa Lo - ngezimo ezinjalo zokujezisa, ama-colonizers aseFrance engazi kahle ukushintshanisa imibono yezinguquko futhi avuselela umuzwa wokuxhumana phakathi kwezihlubuki. Amaphuzu e-Zinoman Amaloli, umhleli womsebenzi wamaKhomanisi kanye noboshiwe owayekade eHoa Lo:

"Ngesikhathi ngiseLaos, ngangizizwa ngasese kodwa ngangingazi ukuthi yikuphi ubukhomanisi. Ngemva kokuboshwa eHoa Lo futhi ngathola ithuba lokufunda izincwadi nokutadisha ngangiqonda indlela efanele yomzabalazo wamaKhomanisi. kuya ezinyangeni eHoa Lo, isikhathi sibonakala siyigugu kakhulu. Siyabonga kuphela ezinyangeni zami eHoa Lo ukuthi ngiyazi okuthile ngombono wezinguquko. "