Amaqiniso Okuthakazelisayo ngeMelika Ephakathi
I-Central America ingaphezu nje kwendawo egcwele izihlahla, imifula namachibi lapho ukuhamba kungaba khona isidle esingabizi. Unomlando ofinyelelekayo, abantu bayo banezici ezimibalabala futhi amahlathi afihla zonke izinhlobo zemithombo. Ukwenza isifunda esithakazelisayo kakhulu ukufunda ngazo.
Nazi ama-17 Amaqiniso nge-Central America:
- Kunezizwe eziyisikhombisa e-Central America : eBelize, eGuatemala, eHonduras, eNicaragua, e-El Salvador, eCosta Rica nasePanama. Inani labantu baseCentral America lingaba ngu 41,739,000.
- Abantu abathathu baseCentral America banamanye amazwe aseYurophu (ikakhulukazi iSpanishi kodwa kunomthelela othile waseBrithani) futhi ifa leMayan, elibizwa ngokuthi iMestizos. Elinye-lesihlanu lisakhiwa yinzalo yemibuso yasendulo kanye nezizwe ezahlala lapha ngaphambi kokunqotshwa.
- Ayikho indawo e-Central America engamakhilomitha angu-200 ukusuka olwandle .
- Igama elithi Central America ngezinye izikhathi lisetshenziselwa ngokufanayo noMesoamerica noma iMelika Ephakathi , ngokuvamile evame ukuhlanganisa i-West Indies neMexico. Noma kunjalo, futhi ngokudideka, igama elithi Medi Middle America libuye lisetshenziselwe ukubhekisela emazweni aphakathi ase-United States.
- Kunezindawo eziyishumi nambili ze- UNESCO World Heritage Sites eMelika Ephakathi, nezindawo ezimelelwe kuwo wonke amazwe aseCentral American . Lezi zindawo zihlanganisa iziqhingi, iziqongo zasendulo , amadolobha aseSpain, amapaki kazwelonke , nokuningi, njengohlelo lwe- Antigua Guatemala , i-Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System, i-Cocos Island National Park e-Costa Rica, ne-Joya de Cerén Archaeological Site e-El Salvador.
- I-Central America iyi-isthmus . Kanye nezwi ngingeke ngiphinde ngiphinde ngiphinde ngiphinde ngizame, i-isthmus yimihlaba ehlanganisa izixuku ezimbili ezinkulu zomhlaba, nemizimba yamanzi ezinhlangothini zombili. Esimweni saseCentral America, ixhuma eNyakatho neMelika Melika, futhi iphethwe yiPacific kanye nolwandle lwase-Atlantic. I-Panama Canal , eyakhiwe phakathi kuka-1904 no-1914, yiyona yindlela emgwaqeni yokuxhumanisa ama-ocean amabili.
- Nakuba i-Central America ibhuloho lomhlaba eliphakathi kweNyakatho neNingizimu Melika , ngokuyinhloko liyingxenye yeNyakatho Melika.
- Amazwe aseMelika Ephakathi asezingxoxweni zokusebenzisa imali ejwayelekile yaseCentral America . Okwamanje, iBelize, iGuatemala, iHonduras, iNicaragua, neCosta Rica zonke ziphrinta izimali zazo, kanti i-United States Dollar iyinhlangano esemthethweni e- El Salvador nasePanama (futhi iyamukelwa kabanzi kwamanye amazwe ayisihlanu).
- I-Central America yenza ingxenye enkulu yamaModiamerican hotspot , ikhaya eliya kuma-7 amaphesenti wezinto ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. I-Panama neCosta Rica ziqhayisa i-biowealth kakhulu; I-Belize neGuatemala ziyisibili, namazwe aphakathi azincoma kakhulu (noma kunjalo namanje emangalisa, emazweni omhlaba!).
- Nakuba umlando waseMelika Ephakathi, esikhathini eside esidlule futhi kamuva nje, ibhekene nempi, awekho izimpi zomhlaba wonke noma zangaphakathi eMelika Ephakathi okwamanje.
- Umgwaqo omkhulu wasePan-American uhamba kuwo wonke amazwe ase-Central America kodwa eBelize. Ihamba ngamamayela angu-54 endaweni okuthiwa i-Darién Gap - indawo kuphela umgwaqo omkhulu ophumula emazweni aseMelika.
- I-Central America iyindawo engakaze ibe yintaba-mlilo , iqiniso eliye lashukumisa konke okuvela eCentral America ukudla (ngokusekelwe yiziphi izitshalo ezikhula enhlabathini ecebileyo) ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo. Izintaba-mlilo zaseMelika Ephakathi ziye zaqhuma izikhathi eziningi emlandweni, zabulala noma yikuphi okuvela kubantu abambalwa kuya ezinkulungwaneni. Iningi lentaba-mlilo isasebenza.
- Abantu abayisine nanhlanu eNyakatho Melika bangamaRoma Katolika. Iningi lesisele liyiProthestani, nakuba iningi labantu liqhuba amaMeya nezinye izinkolo zomdabu, ngezinye izikhathi ngokufanayo neRoma Katolika.
- I-Belize ingamamayela angu-1195 square (amakhilomitha-skwele angu-1924) amakhulu kuno-El Salvador, kodwa i-El Salvador inabantu abangamashumi amathathu.
- UChristopher Columbus waqala ukuhamba ngesizwe saseMelika ePuerto Castilla, eduze kwaseTrujillo, eHonduras. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waphinde wahlola izingxenye zase-Atlantic zaseNicaragua, eCosta Rica nasePanama.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilimi ezisengozini eMelika Ephakathi, ikakhulukazi ekhulunywa ngabantu bomdabu. Isibonelo, abantu abangu-20 kuphela abahamba kahle ngolimi lwe-El Salvadorean Pipil, oluvela e-Nahuatl. Abantu abambalwa basuke bekhuluma ulimi lweHonduran Lenca.
- Umculo wePunta uvela ezindaweni zaseNiberia zaseBelize, eGuatemala naseHonduras ngabantu baseGarifuna abahlala kulezo zifunda.
Isihloko esihlelwe ngu: Marina K. Villatoro