AmaPeru aziqhenya ngokuhlukahluka kwezwe lakubo. Uma kukhona into eyodwa izingane eziningi esikoleni ezizikhumbulayo, yi-mantra of costa, i-Sierra Leone ne- coastal, ne-jungle. Lezi zindawo zendawo zisuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu ngaphesheya kwesizwe, ihlukanisa i-Peru zibe izifunda ezintathu zezici zemvelo namasiko ahlukile.
Igwini lasePeruvia
Ulwandle lwasePeru lwasePacific luqhele ngamakhilomitha angu-2 414 ngaseceleni kwesentshonalanga yesizwe.
Izintaba zasendle zilawula ingxenye enkulu yeli zwe eliphansi, kodwa ama-microclimates angasogwini anikeze ukuhlukahluka okuthakazelisayo.
I-Lima , inhloko-dolobha yesizwe, itholakala enkangala engaphansi komhlaba eduze nendawo ephakathi kolwandle lwasePeru. Amanzi amnandi ePacific Ocean agcina izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kunalindeleke edolobheni elincane. Inkungu engogwini, ebizwa ngokuthi i- garúa , ivame ukumboza inhloko-dolobha yasePeruvia, inikeze umswakama owudinga kakhulu ngenkathi iqhubeka iqhuma izulu elibhekene neLima.
Iziqhingi zasogwini ziqhubeka eningizimu ngaphesheya kweNazca kuze kube semngceleni waseChilean. Idolobha eliseningizimu ye-Arequipa lilele phakathi kolwandle nezintaba ze-Andes. Lapha, ama-canyons ajulile anqamula indawo enogwadule, kuyilapho izikhukhula ezinamanzi zikhuphuka ezigodini eziphansi.
Ngasogwini olusenyakatho yePeru , izidumbu ezomile kanye nobunkungu basogwini baya endaweni yesitshalo se-tropical savanna, amaxhaphozi emangcwaba namahlathi omile. Inyakatho nayo iyindawo yezintaba zezwe ezithandwayo kakhulu-ezidumile, ngokwengxenye, ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa olwandle.
I-Highlands yasePeruvia
Ukugqama njengemhlane ehlasele yesilwane esikhulu , ububanzi bezintaba ze-Andes buhlukanisa izingxenyana ezisentshonalanga nezimpumalanga zesizwe. Amazinga okushisa avela emazingeni aphansi kuya eqhwaqhaqha, eneziqhwa zeqhwa ezikhuphuka ezigodini ezivundile ze-intermontane.
Ohlangothini olusentshonalanga ye-Andes, iningi lalo elihlala endaweni yokuthunjwa kwemvula, liyomile futhi elingaphansi komfula osempumalanga.
Empumalanga, ngenkathi ebanda futhi enamahlombe emazingeni aphezulu, maduzane wehlela ehlathini lamafu nasemagqumeni ashisayo.
Esinye isici se-Andes yi-altiplano, noma isifunda sezintabeni eziphakeme, eningizimu yePeru (eseza eBolivia naseNyakatho ne-Argentina). Lesi sifundazwe esiphezulu sinezindawo ezikude kakhulu kwezilwane zasePuna, kanye nezintaba-mlilo ezikhuthele namachibi (kuhlanganise neLake Titicaca ).
Ngaphambi kokuya ePeru, kufanele ufunde ngokugula kokuphakama . Futhi, hlola itafula lethu lokuphakama emadolobheni asePeruvia nasezivakashi .
IJungle lasePeruvia
Empumalanga ye-Andes ikhona i-Amazon Basin. Indawo eguquguqukayo ihamba phakathi kwezintaba ezingasempumalanga zasenyakatho zase-Andean kanye nasezindaweni eziphakeme zehlathi elincane ( selva baja ). Lesi sifundazwe, esakhiwa emahlathini ase-upland nasemahlathini asenyakatho, siyaziwa ngokuthi i- ceja de selva (i-eyebrow of the jungle), i- montãna noma i- selva alta (i-jungle ephezulu). Izibonelo zokuhlala ngaphakathi kwe- selva alta zihlanganisa uTingo Maria noTarapoto.
EMpumalanga ye- selva alta yizinhlanzi ezincane, ezincane ezisezintabeni zase-Amazon Basin. Lapha, imifula ithatha indawo emigwaqweni njengemibhobho esemqoka yokuthutha umphakathi . Izikebhe zithatha izinhlanzi ezinkulu eMfuleni i-Amazon baze zifike e-Amazon ngokwayo, zedlula edolobheni lase-Iquitos (enyakatho-mpumalanga yePeru) futhi libheke ogwini lwaseBrazil.
Ngokusho kwe-website ethi US Library of Congress 'Country Studies', i-Peruvian selva ihlanganisa cishe amaphesenti angu-63 ensimu kazwelonke kodwa iqukethe amaphesenti angu-11 kuphela abantu bakuleli zwe. Ngaphandle kwemizi emikhulu efana ne-Iquitos, i-Pucallpa ne-Puerto Maldonado, izindawo zokuhlala e-Amazon ephansi zivame ukuba zincane futhi zihlukaniswe. Cishe zonke izindawo zokuhlala ezihlala emahlathini zikhona emgodini wamanzi noma emagqumeni echibi le-oxbow.
Izimboni ezengeziwe ezifana nokuthungwa kwemithi, ukumbiwa kwemayini kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamafutha ziqhubeka zisongela impilo yesifunda samahlathi kanye nabakhileyo kuyo. Naphezu kokukhathazeka kazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, abantu bomdabu njengeShipibo no-Asháninka basalokhu behlukumezeka ukugcina amalungelo abo esizwe emasimini abo.