Ukuguqulwa Okuvela E-Free State E-Ireland kuya eRiphabhliki yase-Ireland
Uma singakhulumi nge "Ireland" ngokujwayelekile (igama elilodwa kuphela), siyahlukanisa phakathi kweNyakatho Ireland neRiphabhuliki yase-Ireland. Kodwa iziphi ezingu-26 ze "Southern Ireland" empeleni zaba i-republic? Ingabe lokhu kwenzeke phakathi ne-Easter Rising, ngemuva kweMpi Yase-Anglo-Ireland, noma emva kweMpi Yase-Ireland? Into eyodwa iqinisekile, ingxenye engeyona yase-Ireland namuhla i-republic. Kodwa akekho obonakala eqiniseka ngempela kusukela nini.
Kukhona ukudideka okukhulu mayelana nosuku oluqondile, kubonakala sengathi akusizi ngalutho umlando wase-Ireland odidekile kakhulu, futhi unilateral, inethemba elithile futhi elingaphambi kwesikhathi, isimemezelo se-republic ngo-1916. Engeza izinsuku eziningana ezibalulekile futhi uzobe ingqondo iyaxolisa. Nazi amaqiniso ayisisekelo okudingeka ukwazi:
Kusukela Ingxenye ye-United Kingdom eya eRiphabhliki
Izinyathelo eziholela e-Ireland, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ingxenye ye-United Kingdom, ukuba i-republic ihlelwe kahle ohlwini olusheshayo lwezehlakalo ezibalulekile:
- 1916 - Izihlubuki eziholwa nguPatrick Pearse zenza ukuvukela okuhlomile ngoMsombuluko we-Easter ("Easter Rising"). Ngo-Ephreli 24, " isimemezelo seRiphabhliki " sifundwa yiPearse ukuze abantu abakhohlise ngaphandle kwe-General Post Office yaseDublin . Lesi simemezelo sasingenalo isimo sezomthetho, kufanele sibonakale "njengesimemezelo sesifiso," futhi saqedwa ngokuphumelelayo ngempumelelo yaseBrithani.
- 1919 - "IRiphabhliki yase-Ireland" yazibiza futhi yazimela ngaphandle kweBritain. Lokhu kwakungaphezulu kokuzivocavoca, futhi amandla angempela ayashintsha eminyakeni elandelayo. Impi yase-Anglo-Ireland (noma iMpi Yezokuzimela) yavela.
- 1922 - Ngemva kwesivumelwano se-Anglo-Ireland ngo-1921, i-Union yachithwa futhi i-Ireland yanikezwa "isimo se-Dominion", sigcwaliswe nombusi waseBrithani-Jikelele. I-"Free Free State" yakhiwa, iNorth Northern yayihlanganisa ... okusheshayo okwahlukanisa kusuka eFree State futhi kwazisa ukuzimela kwayo njengengxenye ye-United Kingdom. INkosi yaseNgilandi yayisenkosi yase-Ireland, eNyakatho naseNingizimu.
- 1937 - Umthethosisekelo omusha wamukelwa, uguqule igama likahulumeni elula "i-Ireland" futhi uhlakaza ihhovisi likaMbusi-Jikelele, esikhundleni sakhe noMengameli we-Ireland. Kwezindaba zangaphandle, Nokho, iNkosi yaseNgilandi yayisasebenza njengegunya eliphezulu.
1949 - I-Ireland Ekugcineni Yaba IRiphabhliki
Kwabe sekufika iRiphabhlikhi yase-Ireland Act 1948, eyamemezela i-Ireland ukuba i-republic, ithafa futhi ilula. Lanikeza noMongameli wase-Ireland amandla okusebenzisa igunya eliphakeme likahulumeni ekuhlotsheni lwangaphandle (kodwa kuphela ngokulandela iseluleko sikaHulumeni wase-Ireland). Lesi senzo sisayinwe ngomthetho ngasekupheleni kuka-1948 ... kodwa saqala ukusebenza ngo-Ephreli 18, 1949-ngoMsombuluko wePhasika.
Kusukela kulo mzuzu lapho i-Ireland ingabhekwa njenge-republic egcwele ngokugcwele futhi eyazimele ngokuphelele.
Njengoba yonke inqubo eholela e-Republic of Ireland Act isivele yenze izinguquko ezibalulekile kakhulu futhi yasungula umthethosisekelo, umbhalo wangempela wesenzo wawude mfushane kakhulu:
I-Republic of Ireland Act, 1948
Umthetho wokuqeda i-Executive Authority (Ukuxhumana Ngaphandle), 1936, ukumemezela ukuthi incazelo kaHulumeni iyoba yiRiphabhliki yase-Ireland, futhi ukuze uMongameli enze amandla aphezulu noma noma yimuphi umsebenzi ophezulu wombuso noma uxhumano nobuhlobo balo bangaphandle. (21 Disemba 1948)
Yenziwe yi-Oireachtas kanje: -
1.-Isiphathimandla Esiphezulu (uMthetho Ongezansi), 1936 (No. 58 ka 1936), ngalokhu kuchithwa.
2.-Kushiwo ngalokhu ukuthi incazelo kaHulumeni iyoba yiRiphabhliki yase-Ireland.
3.-UMongameli, egunyazweni kanye nasezincezweni zikaHulumeni, angasebenzisa amandla okuphatha noma noma yikuphi umsebenzi ophezulu kaHulumeni noma mayelana nobuhlobo bawo bangaphandle.
4.-Lo Mthetho uzoqala ukusebenza ngalolu suku njengoba uHulumeni angase akhethe.
5.-Lo Mthetho ungacaciswa njenge-Republic of Ireland Act, 1948.
Ngendlela-uMthethosisekelo wase-Ireland awunaso isigaba esisho ukuthi i-Ireland empeleni i-republic. Futhi amanye ama- republicans aphikisayo aphika ukuthi i-Ireland inelungelo lokuzibiza ngokuthi i-republic kuze kube iNyakatho ye-Ireland iphinde ihlangane nezifunda ezingu-26 ze-okuthiwa iNingizimu.