Umculo we-Mariachi umsindo weMexico. Kuyinto ukuhambisana komculo ngezikhathi ezibalulekile ekuphileni. Kodwa yini ngempela i-mariachi? Iqembu laseMariachi liyingoma yomculo yaseMexico ehlanganisa abaculi abane noma ngaphezulu abagqoka ama- charro suits. Kuthiwa kuthiwa i-Mariachi ku- Jalisco , edolobheni laseCocula, eduze kwaseGuadalajara , kanye nezifunda eziseduze zasentshonalanga yeMexico. Manje iMariachi idumile kulo lonke elaseMexico naseNingizimu-ntshonalanga United States futhi libhekwa njengommeli womculo waseMexico namasiko.
UMariachi waqashelwa yi-UNESCO njengengxenye yeGugu Lamazwe Angabonakali Ngo-2011. Lolu hlu lubhala ukuthi: "Umculo waseMariachi udlulisela izindinganiso zokuhlonipha ifa lemvelo lezindawo zaseMexico nomlando wendawo ngolimi lwesiSpanishi nezilimi ezahlukene zaseNdiya waseWestern Mexico. "
Ukuqala kweZwi Mariachi:
Kunemibono ehlukene mayelana neprovenance yegama elithi mariachi. Abanye bathi livela egameni lesiFulentshi umshado ngoba kwakungumculo odlalwa emishadweni, omunye uphikisana nale ncazelo (ngokusobala leli gama lalisetshenziswa eMexico ngaphambi kokungenelela kweFrance eMexico kuma-1860s). Abanye bathi livela olimini lwasekhaya Coca. Kulolu limi, igama elifana negama elithi mariachi lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kuhlobo lwezinkuni ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza yesikhulumi abaculi abazokwenza ngaso.
Mariachi Instruments:
I-band yendabuko yama-mariachi yakhiwa okungenani ngama-violin amabili, isiginci, i- guitarrón (i-bass guitar enkulu) kanye ne- vihuela (efana negitare kodwa ejikelezayo).
Namuhla izinhlobo ze-mariachi zivame ukufaka amacilongo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ihabhu. Omunye noma abaningi abaculi nabo bahlabelela.
Indoda yaseMariachi:
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-1900 isambatho sakwa-charro, noma i- traje de charro, igqokwe ngu-mariachis. I-charro iyinkosikazi yaseMexico yaseJalisco. I-suti ye-charro ukuthi i-mariachis igqoke ihlanganisa ijaji elide-ubude, umnsalo wokukhotha, amabhulukwe ahlanganisiwe, amabhuzu amancane kanye nesibindi esikhulu.
Izindwangu zihlotshiswe ngokucophelela ngezinkinobho zesiliva noma zegolide kanye nemiklamo eqoshiwe. Ngokomlando, abaculi baqala ukugqoka lesi sigqoko ngesikhathi sePorfiriato. Ngaphambi kwalokho, babegqoke izingubo ezicacile ezihambisana nama-campesinos noma ama-laboratory, kodwa umengameli u-Porfirio Diaz wayefuna abaculi badlale emcimbini obalulekile ukugqoka okuthile okhethekile, ngakho baboleka izingubo zeqembu lama-cowboys aseMexico, ngaleyo ndlela baqala umkhuba we-mariachi izigqoko ezigqoke ezembatho ezijwayelekile ze-charros.
Lapho Uzokuzwa Mariachi Umculo:
Ungase uzwe umculo we-mariachi cishe noma yikuphi ukuya eMexico, kodwa izindawo ezimbili ezidumile nge-mariachis yi-Plaza de los Mariachis eGuadalajara nasePaza Garibaldi eMexico City . Kula maphala uzothola i-mariachis ehamba phambili ongayisebenzisa ukuze udlale izingoma ezimbalwa.
Mariachi Izingoma:
Ukuqasha i-mariachi band ukwenza ingoma noma amabili kuwe kuyindlela enhle yokuchitha ubusuku. Uma useleta noma yokudlela futhi kukhona iqembu le-mariachi elenzayo, ungacela ingoma ethize. Nazi ezinye izingoma zomculo ongazicabangela:
- I-Las Mañanitas (uma othile ephathini lakho egubha usuku lokuzalwa noma omunye umcimbi obalulekile njengesikhumbuzo)
- I-Mexico Lindo y Querido
- El Rey
- Cielito Lindo
- El Jarabe Tapatío