Uhlu Lwaphezulu Olwesishiyagalombili Izinyoka Zase-Afrika Ezingozi Kakhulu

Izwekazi lase-Afrika likhaya ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinyoka, ezinye zazo eziphakathi kwezinto eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezi zivela ezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ezifana ne-black mamba, ezinyoka ezincane ezingaziwa njengezinyoka ze-West African carpet. Kulesi sihloko, sibheka izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinyoka ezesabeka kakhulu e-Afrika, ngaphambi kokuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoka zenyoka kanye nezindlela ezihlukile ezithinta umzimba womuntu.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba izinyoka kufanele ziphathwe ngenhlonipho, iningi lezinyoka zezinyoka aliyona inhlekelele. Ngisho nalabo abazozama ukugwema ukuthintana nabantu kunokuba babhekane nezingozi. Zonke izinhlobo zezinyoka zibalulekile ekulinganiseni kwemvelo ye-Afrika, egcwalisa indima ebalulekile njengabadli bezilwane eziphakathi. Ngaphandle kwabo, abantu abathintekayo babeyophuma ngaphandle kokulawula. Kunokuba sibesabe, kufanele sizame ukuwaqonda nokuwagcina.

• 01 kwezingu-10

  I-Black Mamba

  Nakuba ama-black mamba (i- Dendroaspis polylepis ) akuzona izinyoka ze-Afrika ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa yilokho okwesaba kakhulu. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu - kuhlanganise nemvelo yakhe enonya lapho ikhonjiwe nobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoka zezinyoka zezwekazikazi, ngobude obuphakathi kwamamitha angaba ngu-8.2 / 2.5. Ama-mambas amnyama yiwona ahamba phambili kunazo zonke izinyoka zase-Afrika zendabuko, futhi avame ukushaya ngaphezulu kwesisodwa. Inhlungu yabo iqukethe i-neurotoxins ne-cardiotoxins, futhi ingabangela ukuba umuntu awele ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-45 kuphela. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwamangqamuzana, cishe u-100% oqinisekile ukuthi isisulu sizofa, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamahora ayisikhombisa kuya kwangu-15. Naphezu kwegama labo, ama-mambas amnyama awawona abamnyama kodwa abomvu noma abesikhumba somnqumo. Zitholakala kuzozonke izindawo eziningi ezihlala ezindaweni eziseNingizimu Afrika yase-Sahara futhi ngokuvamile zichitha isikhathi sayo emhlabathini kunokuba izihlahla.

• 02 kwezingu-10

  I-Puff Adder

  I-additi ye-puff (i- Bitis arietans ) ibhekwa njengenyoka efa kakhulu e-Afrika ngoba ibangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi. Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwenyoka, ukusabalala kwayo ezindaweni ezihlala kuyo kanye nemvelo yayo enobudlova. Ama-puff adders afinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwezingamamitha angu-3.3 / 1.0 amamitha futhi abe nesakhiwo esiqinile esiqhutshwe yi-girth ebanzi kanye nomswakama obala. Zitholakala kulo lonke elase-Afrika yase-Sahara, futhi amaphethini abo ombala ahluka kuye ngokuthi ahlalaphi. Abathengi bezinkukhu bathembele ekufihlekeni kwabo okungajwayelekile ukuze bavikele futhi bahlale bekhona kunokubalekela ukufika engozini. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu bavame ukulunywa ngemuva kokungena ngokuzenzekelayo. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoka, ubuhlungu be-add-on of the puff ngenye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi kubangelwa ukuphathwa kabi. Ngisho nasesikhathini esingasetshenziswanga, izinga lokufa lingaba lilinganiselwa ku-15%.

• 03 ka-10

  Boomslang

  Kuvinjelwe e-Afrika engaphansi kwe-Sahara, i- boomslang (i- Dispholidus typus ) iyaziwa njengenye yezinyoka ezimbi kakhulu kuleli zwekazi. Inhlungu yayo i-haemotoxic, okusho ukuthi ikhubaza indlela yomzimba yemvelo yokugaya igazi futhi ibangele ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi nokungenakulawulwa. Ubuthi buhamba kancane, futhi izimpawu zithatha amahora amaningana ukuze zivele. Ngenxa yalokhu, izisulu ngezinye izikhathi zicabanga ukuthi azidingi ukwelashwa, okungaholela ukwanda komonakalo ekugcineni. Naphezu kobuhlungu bokulunywa kwe-boomslang, ukubulawa kwabantu akuvamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-boomslangs ngokuvamile ayamahloni, futhi abalekela abantu kunokuwahlasela. Ziyizinyoka ezihlala emthini (igama labo lisho "inyoka") ngesiBhunu). Umbala uhluka, kepha abesilisa ngokuvamile bahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamaphethelo amnyama noma ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyilapho abesifazane bevame ukubomvu. Ama-Boomslangs anamehlo amakhulu kakhulu futhi afinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamamitha angu-5.2 / 1.6 amamitha.

• 04 kwezingu-10

  I-Gaboon Viper

  Inyoka ye-Gaboon (i- Bitis gabonica ) inezinhlobo ezide kunazo zonke zenyoka enomuncu, ezifinyelela ngamasentimitha amabili / 5 ubude obude. Yilona nenyoka enesisindo esikhulu kunawo wonke, futhi inyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emndenini wezinyoka. Izinyoka ezindala ze-Gaboon zilinganisela cishe ngamamitha angu-1.5 / 1.5 ubude, futhi zingase zibe nesisindo esingama-25 lbs / 11.3 kg. Zinekhanda elikhulu, elisezinxantathu, futhi zitholakala ezindaweni ezihlathini kulo lonke elaseWest, Central kanye nasezingxenyeni zaseMpumalanga Afrika . Izinyoka ze-Gaboon ikakhulukazi ziseshwabusuku , futhi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izindlela zokulwela ukuzingela inyamazane yazo. Bayakwazi ukuletha umthamo omkhulu wezinhlungu, nakuba ubuhlungu ngokwayo abuyona into enobuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nenye yezinhlobo zezinyoka eziyingozi. Ukulunywa okukodwa kungabulala, kodwa-ke, nokulwa nenhlungu kufanele kuhanjiswe ngokushesha. Izinyoka ze-Gaboon zivilaphayo, izinyoka ezihamba kancane ezivame ukungalokothi ngaphandle kokucasuka noma ukuqhutshwa.

• 05 ka-10

  I-Egyptian Cobra

  I-cobra yaseGibhithe (i- Naja haje ) ingenye yezinhlobo ze-cobra ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika, ezifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-6/2 wamamitha. Itholakala kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Afrika ngaphezu kweSahara, nasezingxenyeni zaseWest naseMpumalanga Afrika. Umbala ungashintsha kakhulu, kusukela obala obomvu kuya obomvu kuze kube mnyama. I-cobra yaseGibhithe inezinhlayiya ezitholakala ngemuva kwamehlo ayo enza i-neurotoxic venom ebulalayo ekhishwa ngezinhlungu zayo ezinkulu. Inhlungu ihlasela isimiso sezinzwa, ekugcineni kubangele ukufa ngenxa yokuhluleka ukuphefumula. Ama-cobra aseGibhithe ngokuvamile ayenziwa ngaphandle kokuba azizwe esengozini, lapho bezobhekana nokuma okuqondile futhi asakaze i-cobra hood yabo njengesixwayiso ngaphambi kokushaya. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-cobra zase-Afrika, i-cobra yaseGibhithe ayiyikusihlambalaza. Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-asp Queen Queen Cleopatra okusolakala ukuthi yayisetshenziselwa ukuzibulala cishe yayiyi-cobra yaseGibhithe.

• 06 kwangu-10

  I-West African Carpet Viper

  Eyaziwa nangokuthi iyinyoka yamapulangwe e-ocellated ( Echis ocellatus ), intombazane yaseNtshonalanga ye-Afrika iyimvelo emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika . Okumangalisa ngenyoka elinezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu, kuwukuthi (kanye ne-puff adder) ngokuvamile ikhonjiswe njengesibopho senani eliphezulu kunazo zonke ezibulalayo e-snakebite e-Afrika. Inyoka ye-West African carpet iyinyoka encane, enesilinganiso sobude obujwayelekile cishe ngamasentimitha angu-20 / amasentimitha angu-50. Ngokuvamile zibomvu ezinombala obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala, ezinamabala afana namehlo eduze nobude bemzimbeni yazo. Lezi zindawo zenzelwe ukudideka izilwane ezidlayo. Njenge-boomslang, ubuhlungu babo buyi-haemotoxic, okubangelwa ukuphuma ngaphakathi kwangaphakathi nokuwa kwesimiso sokujikeleza ngezinye izikhathi izinsuku emva kokulunywa. Inyoka ye-West African carpet inezimbonakaliso eziyingozi, okubandakanya ukuxubha izingxube zayo ndawonye ukwenza umsindo ozwakalayo.

• 07 kwangu-10

  Cape Cobra

  I-cobra yaseCape ( Naja nivea ) itholakala kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika , ivumela izindawo ezomile kuhlanganise nezifunda zasendle nezomile. Ziyizinga elincane, likhula lizungeze izinyawo ezingu-5 / 1.5 ubude. Nakuba zibizwa nangokuthi i-cobra ephuzi, ama-cobra aseCape angafika ngemibala ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise negolide, emnyama nangomnyama. Kuyizinhlobo eziphilayo, okusho ukuthi ngokuvamile zisebenza ngosuku, futhi zondla izilwane ezihlukahlukene ezivela kumagundane kuya ezihlahleni eziya ezilwaneni. Ngokuyinhloko, aziwa ngokuhlasela ama-colonies we- weaver . Ihlasela kalula uma isongelwa, futhi sibonga ngokuyingozi ngokuthambekela kwayo kokungena kwabantu. Nakuba izinga lokufa lokungalaywa okungaqinisekisiwe aliqinisekisiwe, kucatshangwa ukuthi liphakeme kakhulu nokufa okuvela phakathi kwehora elilodwa kuya kwangu-10 kamuva ngenxa yokuhluleka ukuphefumula.

• 08 kwezingu-10

  I-Eastern Green Mamba

  I-mamba eluhlaza empumalanga (i- Dendroaspis angusticeps ) iyinyoka enonya ehlobene nomdabu omnyama obungozi kakhulu. Itholakala kakhulu emahlathini asogwini aseNingizimu naseMpumalanga Afrika, futhi isebenzisa ingxenye enkulu yempilo yayo emithini. Kuyinto inyoka enkulu, ehamba ngamamitha angu-6,5 / 2 ubude ubude. Njengoba igama layo libonisa, ama-mambas aluhlaza asempumalanga ayimbala enombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nakuba ama-juveniles ngokuvamile ehlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Zibukeka ngendlela ekhangayo futhi naphezu kokusebenza ngesikhatsi semini, azibonakali neze. Banobuhlobo obungokwemvelo obukhulu futhi ngokuvamile bagweme abantu, ngokuvamile bahlaba umxhwele ngaphandle kokucasula okukhulu. Ama-mambas aluhlaza aseMpumalanga akwazi ukuletha ukukhala okuningi, ukujova inqwaba yezinhlungu. Uma kungalashwa, amanani okufa aphezulu. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuvuvukala, isizungu, isicashu, futhi ekugcineni, ukufa ngenxa yokukhubazeka ukuphefumula.

• 09 kwezingu-10

  Yazi Inyoka Yakho Yenyoka

  Akuzona zonke izinhlungu zezinyoka ezifanayo, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Ngokuvamile, inyoka yezinyoka ihlelwe phakathi kwezigaba ezine ezilandelayo:

  • Inhlungu ye-neurotoxic : ihlasela isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, esithinta ukuhamba, ukuphefumula, ukugwinya, inkulumo nokubona.
  • Inhlungu ye-Hemotoxic : ithinta ikhono lomzimba lokugcoba, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwegazi okubangelwa ukuphuma kwangaphandle nangaphakathi.
  • Inyosi ye-cytotoxic : ukuhlasela amangqamuzana omzimba noma izicubu, okwenza ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala ngokweqile kanye nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka.
  • I-myotoxic venom : idala imisipha ye-necrosis, ekugcineni ibangele ukufa ngezinso nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

• 10 kwangu-10

  Ukuphila Kanye Nezinyoka

  Naphezu kwalolu hlu olwesabekayo lwemiphumela emibi, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-anti-venom iyatholakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla. Ungavumeli ukwesaba izinyoka kukuvimbele ekuhloleni izindawo zasehlane zase-Afrika ezakhazimulayo. Ngokunakekelwa okuncane kanye nomthamo onempilo wenhlonipho, akukho lutho lokuvimbela abantu nezinyoka ukuthi zikhona ngokuvumelana.

  Uma unamahloni ngokwanele ukuze ulunywe, zama ukukhumbula izici eziyisisekelo zezinyoka ukuze ukwazi ukusiza abasebenzi basebhedlela ukuba bayithole. Ngale ndlela, bazokwazi ukukunikeza ukwelashwa okuqondile ngokushesha. Ngisho noma uzizwa uhle, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ezinye izimpawu zingathatha amahora ukuze zibonise, ngesikhatsi kungase kube sekwephuzile kakhulu ukuthola usizo.

  Kubuyekezwe nguJessica Macdonald