01 ngo-04
Joyina nathi emgodini kaWilliam kanye no-Norman Conquest
Amadoda asebenza emsebenzini afaka izimoto zikaWilliam ezivela emaphethini aseBayeux. I-DEA / M. I-Seemuller Ngo-Okthoba 1066 UWilliam wagibela eNormandy ukulwa neNgilandi e-Battle of Hastings
Ngonyaka we- 2016 unyaka we-950 wale mpi enkulu eyashintsha umphakathi waseNgisi futhi wabeka izisekelo zezwe esazi namhlanje.
Kuyinto yokugubha usuku olubalulekile, ngakho-ke abachwepheshe be-United Kingdom Travel kanye neFrance Travel bahlangene ukukuletha indaba futhi babonise izimpawu, izikhumbuzo, amasimu nezinqaba ongavakashela namhlanje ukuze ulethe indaba. Inyanga ngayinye phakathi nonyaka we-2016 sizokuyisa kulezo zindawo ezidumile kanye nempi e-UK futhi eFrance, ehlanganisa zonke izenzakalo ezihleliwe.
02 ka 04
Isi-normandy enkathini ephakathi
I-Viking Ship e-Puy du Fou Theme Park. © Puy du Fou I-Normandy esemncane
I-Normandy yabona iqhaza layo elihle labantu basezindaweni zasendulo abahlala emadlelweni alo aluhlaza aluhlaza kanye namahlathi acebile, kusukela ezikhathini zeNeolithic kuya kuma-Celts asebhronini kuze kufike kumaRoma. UMbusi waseRoma uDiocletian wadala isifundazwe saseNormandy ngekhulu lesi-3 leminyaka, futhi imingcele ihambisana kahle neNormandy yanamuhla. Ngesinye isikhathi umbusi waseRoma uConstantius wathatha iBrithani neGaul, futhi la mazwe amabili ahlanganiswa ndawonye okokuqala, kodwa hhayi isikhathi sokugcina.
I-Normandy ikhula ngokubaluleka
Lapho amaRoma ephuma ekhulwini le-4 AD, iningi lamaFrance neBrithani lahlukana nempi yamazwe, umbuso owawuhlala iminyaka engamakhulu amabili kwaze kwaba khona ukuvela kweCharlemagne enkulu (c.742-814) owazuza ngokumangalisayo kokuhlanganisa abaningi eNtshonalanga EYurophu, ukuguqula abantu bakhe ebuKristwini nokuguqula imephu yamasiko neyengqondo yaseYurophu kuze kube phakade ngeRainardian Renaissance.
Ngekhulu le-9 leminyaka, iNormandy yaba yingxenye yoMbuso wamaFranders aseNtshonalanga, owabusa amaKhosi aseFrankish kwaze kwaba ngu-987. Wabe esedluliselwa kwabaseCapeti noHugh Capet. Kakade uMbusi wase-Ile de France, esifundeni esiseduze neParis, waba iNkosi yalokho okwakuthiwa yiFrance.
Pho kuthiwani ngamaVikings?
Njengezindawo eziningi kangaka, umlando waseNormandy uyinethiwekhi ethintekile. Kungenzeka ukuthi yayingaphansi kweNkosi yaseFrance, kodwa yahlaselwa yizo zonke izingxenye, ikakhulukazi ngamagagasi asabekayo, asabekayo abahlaseli baseDenmark.
AmaViking afika ngaseFrance; I-England yayiyitshe lokuqala, futhi eliseduze. Amagagasi okuqala aseVikings aphangwa, kodwa ngokushesha alandelwa abalimi nabathengisi futhi ngokushesha babengena eNgilandi.
Ngo-845 amaVikings ayefinyelele eParis emidlalweni yabo yomlilo. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva bahlala futhi ngo-911 i-Viking 'Jarl' noma umholi, uRlolo, (uRollon ngesiFulentshi) wayebalwa noRouen futhi enamandla kangangokuthi waphoqelela ukuhlala neNkosi yaseFrance uCharles the Simple, ebamba iqhaza eNormandy. Kwakungeyona yonke embi kuFulentshi; amaViking avikela indawo eya eParis nasezindaweni ezizungeze eParis eyayisengozini kakhulu emfuleni iSeine.
Ukushada phakathi kwemindeni ehola phambili kwaholela ekuxukeni okudideka kokuthembeka nokukhwabanisa, izimangalo kanye nezicelo zokuphikisana. Ukuhleleka kokuningi kokuzijabulisa kwakungenxa yokuthi uRichard I, umzukulu omkhulu kaRlolo, wathatha isihloko seDuke waseNormandy.
Okuningi mayelana namaViking awesabekayo
- Vakashela i- Tour de L'Horloge e-Guines Loluhambo lwezinsuku ezintathu lungcono kumalungu omndeni nabalandeli bomlando futhi uthatha amaVikings
- Vakashela i-Le Puy du Fou Theme Park Lokhu kwavotelwa ipaki ye-2 engcono kakhulu yezwe kodwa kufanele ilandele uhlu lwazo ezihlukahlukene, izilinganiso nobuchule. I-Viking live show inebhobo elide eliphuma emagagasi futhi lenzeke ngokunyanisela noma yimuphi umfana othanda ukubulala nokubulala. Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole ividiyo yombukiso
03 ka 04
Landela Umzila Wempi Wokuphila Kwakuqala KaWilliam
Impi YangeMinyaka Ephakathi. UVladimir Serov / Getty Izithombe c. U-1027: UWilliam Uyingxenye Yezwe
UWilliam wazalelwa enqabeni yaseFalaise ngo-1027/28 (amarekhodi ayengaphansi kakhulu futhi alahlekile) kuDuke Robert waseNormandy (owaziwa ngokuthi uRobert uDeveli noDuke Richard II indodana endala) kanye nenkosikazi yakhe uHerleva. Waqhubeka eshada noHerluin de Conteville futhi wamzalela amadodana amabili, u-Odo owaba nguMbhishobhi waseBayeux noRobert, Count of Mortain.
UDuke uRobert wafa ngo-1035 noma ngo-6 futhi uWilliam wathatha lesi sihloko eneminyaka engu-7 noma engu-8 ubudala.
Iminyaka Yokuqala Yama-William's Tough
Isikhundla esincane sikaWilliam sasingakaqiniseki kodwa asikho isidingo ngenxa yokusekelwa yiNkosi Henry yeFrance eyayiqaphela ukubaluleka kweNormandy. Noma kunjalo kwakuyisikhathi esingenamthetho: izikhulu zalwa amazwe aseSonto kanye no-Alan III waseBrithtany babheka umakhelwane wakhe ocebile. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-8, uWilliam wancika kubalandeli abathembekile nabanakekeli ababenomkhuba omubi wokufa noma ukuthunyelwa masinyane ngezitha zabo; Omunye wabo kuthiwa wabulawa ekamelweni lokulala likaWilliam.
Ngisho nezinqaba zakhe kwakungaphephile. Lapho eneminyaka engu-18 kwadingeka abhekane nokunye ukuvukela okuholwa ngumzala wakhe uGuy waseBurgundy. Ngesikhathi ehlala eValognes eNhlonhlweni yaseCotentin inkantolo yakhe yazama ukuzwa isicu sokubulala uWilliam. Le mbusi osemusha wabaleka ehhashi ebusuku waya enqabeni kaHubert de Ries eyamthuma eFalaise namadodana akhe amathathu asebenza njengabaqaphi. Babalekela emasimini, okwakuthiwa kamuva ngokuthi i- au-Bâtard (i-Bastard's Way) ngaphesheya komfula uGronde.
- Landela u-William Flight. Kukhona indlela yokuvakasha elandela ukuhamba kukaWilliam emadolobheni ase-Asnelles naseRyes eduze kwase-Arromanches-les-Bains, eyaziwa kakhulu ngeMpi Yezwe II D-Day Landings.
1047: UWilliam Uza Ngesokudla
Ekuqaleni kuka-1047 kwakuyisikhathi sokubhekana nezihlubuki futhi uWilliam noHenry baphikisana nezitha zakhe, bewahlula e-Battle of Val-ès-Dunes ngaseCaen. " Impi eqondile lapho, ngolunye usuku, yaqhaqhazela izinqaba eziningi kangaka " yakhala isazi-mlando esisodwa njengezitha zikaWilliam zehla njengezintambo eziyisishiyagalolunye. Kwakuyisikhathi sokushintshela uMbusi osemusha owashicilela iTruce of God kulo lonke uhlangothi lwakhe oluvimbela impi nobudlova ezinsukwini ezithile zonyaka. Kulekhodi engavamile kodwa enamandla yesikhathi esidlule, lokhu kwalalelwa.
- Landela i-Battle of Val-ès-Dunes. Ihhovisi lezokuvakasha laseVal-ès-Dunes likhiqize ibalazwe lokuvakasha elingakulandela, lisizwa ngamapaneli ezindaweni ezifanele zokulwa.
1051: UWilliam Udlalwa
Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1050 uWilliam wenza umsebenzi wakhe wamukelwa kulo lonke iNormandy. Ngesikhathi uHugh, umbusi waseMaine, efa ngo-1051, u-Count of Anjou, Geoffrey Martel, oseduze naye, wahlasela. Wahlasela ezinhlangothini ezisentshonalanga entshonalanga e-Alençon naseDomfront emngceleni waseNormandy naseMaine kodwa wanqotshwa uWilliam noHenry.
Isikhundla sasinjengalesi sifundazwe, esabanjwe uWilliam waseBellême kodwa kumnqobi ufike empangweni. Amanxiwa kuphela enqaba yaseBellême ahlala futhi yilokho okugcinwa khona kanye nesonto eliyingxenye yokwakhiwa kabusha nguNdodana kaWilliam uMnumzane Conqeror, u-Henri 1st Beauclerc, inkosi yaseDomfront kusukela ngo-1092, khona-ke iNkosi yaseNgilandi (1100) kanye nomphathi waseNormandy (1106).
Indlu yangaphambili yayiyindlela ebalulekile, ilawula indlela eya eCaen eya eMaine nase-Anjou enyakatho kuya eningizimu, futhi kusukela e-Alençon kuya eLe-Mont-St-Michel eya empumalanga nasentshonalanga.
- Indlu yangaphambili idolobha elihle, lifanele ukuvakashelwa.
1051 kuya ku-53: UWilliam Ubeka Ally Eliyigugu
Ngaleso sikhathi uHenry wayemangalisa ngokujulile ukuthi amandla kaWilliam ayenamandla, ngakho-ke, empini yezempi, uHenry Henry washintsha izinhlangothi, esekelwa uWilliam, u-Count of Arques, amazwe akhe agijima ngaseningizimu ye-Dieppe.
Ngo-1053 uWilliam wase-Arques wanselela uMbusi osemncane owavimbezela ngempumelelo indlu yakhe futhi wamthumelela. Ekupheleni kuka-1053 UWilliam wayeyilwa neNkosi, izikhulu zayo kanye noMbhishobhi Omusha wase Rouen, uMauger.
1054: Enye Inqola, ke ....
Lokhu kwavela ngoFebhuwari 1054. UWilliam wabhekana noHenry e-Evreux, eningizimu yeRouen emngceleni osempumalanga waseNormandy. Ibutho lesibili likaWilliam elihlanganisa nabalandeli abanjengoRobert, Count of Eu, uWalter Giffard, uRoger of Mortemer noWilliam de Warenne, babhekene nesinye isisulu esiphezulu ngaphansi kuka-Odo, umfowabo kaHenry Henry. Ngokomlobi wezindaba, uWilliam waseJumièges, amaFulentshi ayematasa kakhulu ekudlwengula nasekuphanga ukuthi babanjwe ngokuphelele bengakulungele. I-Battle of Mortemer eyalandela yayinqoba uWilliam namadoda akhe ngenkathi iningi labahlonishwa baseFrance labulawa.
Kwakukhona ukuphumula okuncane; UHenry noGeoffrey baqhubeka behlasela futhi kwaze kwafika ngo-1057 lapho bephinde baphonswa uWilliam empini yaseVaraville, entshonalanga eCabourg.
Kwakungakaze kube ngu-1060 nokufa kokubili uHenry noGeoffrey ukuthi uWilliam angazizwa evikelekile ngokulinganisela.
I-Shift yamandla e-England
U-Edward u-Confesa waseNgilandi umemezele ukuthi uWilliam uyindlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi saseNgisi kusukela ngo-1051, ngokusho kukaWilliam. NgoJanuwari 1066 u-Edward wafa futhi uHarold Godwinson wabizwa iNkosi. UWilliam waqala ukuhlasela kwakhe.
04 ka 04
Hlela ukuvakashelwa eNormandy yanamuhla
Impi yaseNormandy Museum, Bayeux. © Calvados Tourisme I-Normandy namuhla ihlanganisa kakhulu indawo efanayo nesikhathi seNkathi Ephakathi. Yindawo enhle enogwini olude lwamabhishi amaningi ase-sandy kanye neCotentin Peninsula ekhangayo eya eSingland Channel. Ihlanganisa izindawo eziyinhloko zezintambo ze- Normandy D-Day Landing s, izindawo zokuhlala ezihlala olwandle zaseFecamp, Honfleur naseDeauville naseMont-St-Michel kanye nezindela zayo.
Rouen yinhloko-dolobha futhi yayingumuzi omkhulu, ocebile ngesikhathi sikaWilliam. I-Exchequer yaseNormandy yayinhloko yezinhlobonhlobo ze-Anglo-Norman dynasties eyabusa bobabili iFrance neNgilandi kusukela ekhulwini lokuqala kuya ku-15 leminyaka. Hlola izindawo eziphezulu nezokukhangisa eRouen .
- Thola ohlangothini lwe-English lendaba kusukela ochwepheshe be-about.com UK .
- Thola ukuthi kwenzekani enzalweni kaWilliam eNew Forest e-UK e -Rufus Stone