Umhlahlandlela wamaProsesa aseSomalia wezinsuku zamanje
Amaphoyisa aseSomalia enza izindaba ezihamba phambili ngendlela ephazamisayo kuze kufike ehlobo lika-2012. Kubonakala sengathi iqembu lingase liphele, futhi i-hangover izoba nzima kulabo abahlala ePuntland. Kubonakala sengathi imizamo yamazwe ngamazwe okuvimbela abaqaphi ukugibela noma yikuphi umkhumbi owafika kanye nokufuna izigidi ngezihlengo uqala ukukhokha. Ngisho "Umlomo Omkhulu" kusanda nje ibhizinisi. Futhi akusona umzuzwana ngokushesha, ngoba izigebengu zase ziqale ukuphazamisa imboni yezokuvakasha eduze nogwini lwaseKenya ngamacala amaningana asabekayo wokuthumba okuvela ezindaweni zokungcebeleka ebhishi.
Thola ukuthi lawa ma-pirates awanamuhla, aphi nokuthi asebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani aphendukela ekudobeni aye e-piracy. Kungase kudingeke bashintshe izibhamu zabo ngamanetha futhi ngo-2013.
Isimo samanje sePiracy yaseSomalia
Ngokombiko wamuva we-BBC, abavukuzi baseSomalia babamba amarekhodi angu-1,181 ngo-2010 futhi bakhokhelwa izigidi eziningi zamaRandi ngesihlengo.
Ngomuso ka-2011, abantu abangaphezu kuka-300 babanjwe ukuthunjwa ngamaqembu ahlukahlukene e-pirate aseSomalia.
I-International Maritime Bureau (i-IMB) ibheka ogwini lwaseSomalia ukuthi lube yindawo eyingozi kakhulu yamanzi emhlabeni. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi abavukuzi babamba okungenani imikhumbi emikhulu yezindleko ezibandakanya i-oil-tanker ngezikhathi ezithile ezingabalelwa ku-$ 25 million ngesihlengo. Umzamo wobuqili ojwayelekile ufunde kanje:
11.04.2009: 1240 I-UTC: Posn: 00: 18.2N - 051: 44.3E, cishe ngo-285 nm empumalanga yeMogadishu, eSomalia.
Abathathu abayisishiyagalombili abahlomile ngezibhamu kanye ne-RPG emaqenjini amabili, okwakhiwa ngumkhumbi wamama-pirate, bahlasele umkhumbi wezitsha.
I-Master yanda ijubane ibe yi-22.8 knots kanti ama-skiffs alandelwa ama-23.5 amafindo. Basondelana kakhulu futhi bashiya umkhumbi. UMfundisi wenza ukuqhuma okungahambisani nokuvimbela ukugibela.
AmaPirates asePomali asebenza kuphi?
I-Somalia inomkhawulo omkhulu (bona ibalazwe), liboshwe nxazonke zePhondo lika-Afrika. Ngo-2008 ukuhlaselwa kwamapirate amaningi kwasungulwa esiteshini esincane esaziwa ngokuthi i-Gulf of Aden.
Ephendula lokhu kuhlaselwa kanye nomthelela wezomnotho ababa nawo kulo mzila othandwayo wokuthutha, inqwaba yemikhumbi yezempi yamazwe ngamazwe manje isebenza ngokuphepha kwansuku zonke. Ama-Pirates manje ayaziwa ngokuthi usebenzisa "imikhumbi yomama" ukuze aqale ukuhlaselwa olwandle. Bheka leli mephu yamazwe omhlaba we-piracy ukuze uthole ukubuka okucacile kukho konke ukuzama kwamanje kwe-piracy.
Ubani lawa maPirates?
Abalandeli baseSomalia abagqoki ama-patches ama-eye, futhi esikhundleni sezinkemba, banama-RPG (amabhomu aphethwe yi-rocket). Basebenzisa izikebhe ezincane ezisheshayo ukuze zizungeze futhi zisebenze nabasebenzi abangu-10 noma ngaphezulu. Uma sebethole isisulu esihle, baqala izingwegwe nezintambo zezintambo ukuze bagibele umkhumbi futhi baqede abasebenzi. Bavame ukuhlasela ebusuku.
Ngo-2008, imikhumbi engu-40 yathunjwa ngempumelelo futhi inkokhelo ikhokhwe kusukela ku-$ 500,000 kuya ku-$ 2 million. Ngo-2010, imikhumbi engu-49 yaxoshwa ogwini laseSomalia (engama-53 emhlabeni jikelele). Kukhuthaza kakhulu abadobi abampofu abahlala ezweni lase-Afrika eliqothulwa yimpi. Abalandeli abaphumelelayo baphila kahle, bashada nabesifazane abahle, bahamba ngezimoto ezinkulu, bakhe izindlu ezinkulu, futhi bathenga izikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi. Abavukuzi baseSomalia banezinkampani zokubika, baboleka imali kubamabhizinisi, futhi ngokuyinhloko baqhuba umnotho wesifunda esizimele sasePuntland.
Umbiko we-BBC ngoJanuwari 2012 uthi abavukuzi baye bakhuthaza kakhulu umnotho waseSomalia, kodwa akusikho konke okuye kwadlulela emiphakathini yasogwini.
Ukudla kanye nokuhlala izindlu ezithunjwa kuzosiza ukusekela umnotho ePuntland. Umbiko we-BBC owasungulwa ngo-Septhemba 2008 ukhuluma ngokuphila emadolobheni aseSomalia: "U-Eyl useyinto eyenziwe yilezi zindawo zokudayisa izidakamizwa - kanye nezindlu zabo zokudla. Izindawo zokudlela ezikhethekile ziye zafakwa ukuze zilungiselele ukudla kwalabo abasebenza ngemikhumbi. Njengoba izigebengu zifuna izinkokhelo zesihlengo, zizama ukunakekela iziboshwa zabo. "
Ama-Bandit Sea noma ama-Coastguards?
Kulo mbiko wamuva, umhlaziyi we-BBC Somalia u-Mohamed Mohamed uthi abavukuzi bayinhlangano yabadobi abadobi, abagibeli bezempi kanye nama-computer geeks. Akunasisetshenziswa sokuqasha umkhumbi omkhulu uma ungazi ukuthi umsakazo usebenza kanjani ngakho-ke awukwazi ukufuna isihlengo sakho.
AmaPirates nawo kufanele azi ukuthi angasebenzisa kanjani i-GPS.
Abalandeli baseSomalia abaziboni njengabafana ababi. I-pirate eyayixoxwa yiNew York Times yathi: "Asizibheki njengeziqhwaga zasolwandle. Sibheka abadobi basolwandle abadoba ngokungemthetho emanzini ethu kanye nokulahla imfucuza emanzini ethu futhi baphathe izikhali ezilwandle zethu. . Cabanga ngathi njengogada onogada. " Lesi sihloko siyaqhubeka - "Uhulumeni omkhulu waseSomalia uqale ngonyaka ka-1991, wenza izwe libe yizingxabano. Ngaphandle kwamaprololi eduze kolwandle, amanzi aseTomalia acebile asheshe aphangwa yizimboni zokudoba ezokuhweba ezivela emhlabeni wonke. ukuqapha ngokubhekana nezikebhe ezingekho emthethweni nokufuna ukuba bakhokhe intela ".
Futhi, hlola le vidiyo ngabaculi be-rap uK'Naan ngombono ocacile kakhulu wase-Somali mayelana nokuphanga.
Kungani uMthetho Kahulumeni WaseSomalia?
ISomalia ayithathi isinyathelo ngokumelene nalabo abahlukumezayo, futhi abakwazi ukubhalisa izikhalo ezivela emikhumbi ehlaselwa, ngoba inombuso osebenza kancane. Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, kwakungekho uhulumeni nhlobo. Uhulumeni wamanje waseSomalia angathanda ukusiza kodwa empeleni, awakwazi ukulawula ngokugcwele inhloko-dolobha yaseMogadishu, ungazishiyi indawo efana nePuntland.
Noma yiliphi ithemba lokubeka amaPirates?
Ephendula ukuqhuma kokuhlaselwa kweGulf of Aden ngasekupheleni kuka-2008, amabutho omhlaba ayelokhu ehambela indawo. Kubonakala sengathi kusebenza ngonyaka ka-2009, ngokuthunjwa kwaze kwaba ngu-41 ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala zonyaka. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka wezi-2010 izimbangi eziyi-1,181 ezibikiwe zathathwa yizigebengu eziphethe izigidi zamaRandi ezikhokhelwa ngesihlengo.
Ngonyaka wezi-2012, amapolisi angamazwe ngamazwe aseGulf of Aden enza kube nzima kubavukuzi baseSomalia ukuqala ukuhlaselwa. Kodwa, okungenani izikebhe ezingu-40 kanye nabangaphezu kuka-400 abathunjiwe besabanjwa eSomalia, noma ngokusho nje kweqembu lase-Ecoterra elibheke ubugebengu besifundazwe.
Ukuze imikhumbi iqhubekele olwandle, kungukuthi izinduna zizama nokuphuma, lezi zigebengu ezikebheni, ziwahambisa phansi izindlu zomlilo, futhi zibuye zibuyele umlilo. Imishanguzo yomshuwalense emikhumbi kule ndawo isebenza phezulu ngesikhathi sonke. Futhi kusekhona imithetho eminingi yezwe engavumelekile ukuthi ayivumeli noma yikuphi imikhumbi yemikhumbi ukuba ingene futhi idubule esitokisini esingewona ezempi. Indawo lapho iningi labavukuzi lisebenza cishe izikhathi ezine ngobukhulu beTexas, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuqiniseka ukuthi umzila ophephile kuwo wonke umkhumbi kulawa manzi.
Kukhona futhi inkinga yabasebenzi futhi abagcina bephephile. Kunzima ukudubula kuma-pirates ngaphandle kokulimaza abasebenzi abathunjiwe. Ibutho laseNdiya lidubule kulokho ababecabanga ukuthi laliyisitsha se-pirate ngoNovemba 2008, saba yiThais futhi amalungu amaningana asolwa ngokulimala. Bona indaba yonke.
Kusukela ngo-2011 ezinye izigebengu ziye zathunjwa futhi eziyisithupha zagwetshwa eParis ngoNovemba 2011.
I-Party Ngaphezulu ngo-2012?
Ngasekupheleni kuka-2012, i-Pirate Party yabizwa ukuthi isiphezulu - I-Party Over For Pirates. - AP. Iqembu lingase lihambise kwenye indawo, noma mhlawumbe abaqaphi bazobuyela ekudobeni. Isimboni seKhat sisakhula, mina ngokwami ngeke ngimangele uma behlola lokho.
I-Stable Somalia iyisisombululo sesikhathi eside
Ngokusobala, iSomalia evikelekile futhi ezinzile iyisisombululo sangempela futhi ingenza okuningi lokhu kuphele. Ukuthola uhulumeni osebenza kahle endaweni kufanele kube isinyathelo sokuqala.