UFrank Lloyd Wright eCalifornia: Izindlu Nezakhiwo

01 ka-03

UFrank Lloyd Wright eCalifornia

Uma ungumlingisi womklamo uFrank Lloyd Wright - noma umklamo omkhulu ngokujwayelekile, izinto zakhe zaseCalifornia zingakha isikhungo sezinsuku ezithile ezinhle - noma iholidi elide. Hamba kwenye eyodwa noma yonke imiklamo yakhe evela eCalifornia esuka eSan Francisco kuya eLos Angeles nakwezinye izindawo ezincane ezaziwa eCalifornia, njengezindawo zokuthenga nezitholampilo zezokwelapha.

Ngomnyaka we-1920 njengomsebenzi kaPrank Lloyd Wright nombono wakhe, waqala ukuhlola imibono emisha futhi wayefuna ukuletha umsebenzi wakhe ngasentshonalanga.

Kusukela ngomklamo wendlu kaGeorge C. Stewart kaMontecito ngo-1909, futhi ephela neRedding Pilgrim Congregational Church ngo-1957, uFrank Lloyd Wright wabeka uphawu lwakhe endaweni yaseCalifornia. Uzothola ukuthi cishe yonke imiklamo yakhe yahlanganyela into efanayo: Iningi lokudalwa kwayo livela cishe ngezinto eziphilayo ezizungezile njengokungathi zivela esimweni esizungezile.

Ngokuphelele, izakhiwo ezingu-26 uFrank Lloyd Wright ezenziwe eCalifornia namanje zimile. Okumangalisa ukuthi, kuphela ezimbili ezilahlekile: Indawo yokuhlala eB Hollyhock House noWright eHarper Avenue Studio eLos Angeles. Ungabona izindawo zazo kule mephu ye-Googe.

Umsebenzi uFrank Lloyd Wright wenza eCalifornia wawubalulekile. I-American Institute of Architects ikhethe imiklamo engu-17 eFrank Lloyd Wright njengokwakheka kakhulu umnikelo wakhe kumasiko aseMelika. Ezintathu zazo zikhona eCalifornia: Hollyhock House eLos Angeles, iVC Gift Shop eSan Francisco kanye neHanna House ePalo Alto.

Iningi lama-designs kaFrank Lloyd Wright aseCalifornia kwakuyizindawo zokuhlala ezizimele, kodwa futhi wadala izakhiwo zehhovisi laseCalifornia, izitolo kanye nesikhungo sikahulumeni. Izakhiwo zomphakathi zikaFrank Lloyd Wright zihlanganisa indawo yokuthenga eLos Angeles, isitolo sesipho e-San Francisco, esontweni laseRedding kanye nasesikhungweni somphakathi eSan Rafael. Izinhlu eziphelele zikhona kulawa makhasi:

• UFrank Lloyd Wright eLos Angeles
• UFrank Lloyd Wright eSan Francisco
• UFrank Lloyd Wright e-Rest of California

02 ka-03

Vula ukuvakasha

Izakhiwo ezimbalwa zikaFrank Lloyd Wright kuphela ezifinyeleleka emphakathini jikelele. Izakhiwo zomphakathi okukhulunywe ngenhla zivulekile kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kuphela izindlu ezimbalwa ezivulekile ukuvakasha. Futhi ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, lezo zakhiwo ezinzima-zokugcina izinto zivame ukuvalelwa ukulungiswa. Ngikisela ukuhlola nanoma ubani wabo ngaphambi kokuhlela uhambo nje ukuvakashela.

Lezi zakhiwo zeWright ongavakashela noma ukuvakashela:

I-Marin Civic Centre inikeza izinkambo eziholwa ezenzeni ezihamba phambili zale nkimbinkimbi enkulu kahulumeni kanye ngenyanga noma ungakwazi ukulanda inguqulo eqondiswa yiwebhusayithi yayo.

I-Hanna House ivulekile ukuvakasha ngezinsuku ezimbalwa ngenyanga. Hlola isimiso samanje kwiwebhusayithi yeHanna House.

I-Hollyhock House ivulekile ngemva kokuvuselelwa kabusha nokuvuselelwa kwezinye izakhiwo zakhe eziseduze kungase kuqale maduzane.

I-Ennis House yathengiswa kumnikazi wangasese ngo-2011. Izimo zokudayiswa zidinga ukuthi zivuleleke emphakathini izinsuku ezingu-12 ngonyaka, kodwa ngilindele ukuthi lokho ngeke kuqalile kuze kube yilapho isakhiwo sesiqinisiwe futhi silungiswa, inqubo engathatha iminyaka eminingi.

UMnu. Clinton Walker House eKarmeli uvulekile usuku olulodwa ngonyaka njengengxenye yomcimbi wokusiza.

Izindawo zomphakathi: Izivakashi ezihloniphekile nezihloniphekile nazo zingangena kulezi zindawo zomphakathi uma zivulekile, kodwa ungalindeli ukuthi zikunike uhambo. Okuzokwazi ukukwenza kuyibheka nxazonke: Izitolo ZaseNkantolo Zase-Anderton eBeverly Hills, Clinic Clinic e- Kundert eSan Luis Obispo naseRedding Pilgrim Congregational Church .

03 ka 03

Amakholi: UFrank Lloyd Wright waseCalifornia

Phakathi nesikhundla sakhe, uFrank Lloyd Wright wakha izitayela eziningi zokuklama, eqala ngesitayela sePrairie ehhovisi lakhe lokuqala ngaseChicago. Ukusuka lapho, wathuthela kwezinye izitayela eziphefumulelwe izindawo ayezisebenza kuzo.

Izindlu zokuvimbela izitayela

I-Wright yakhelwe izakhiwo ezine kuphela ezisetshenziswayo i-blocks ekhonjiwe ngokucophelela eyayibiza ngokuthi i-textile blocks. Bonke base-Southern California: Ennis House , House Storer , iMillard House / La Miniatura ne- Freeman House .

Ukwakhiwa Kwezintaba Zasehlane

Isitayela esivela e-Arizona eTaliesin West, ukwakhiwa kwemfucumfucu egwadule isebenzisa amatshe amakhulu kanye nekhonkri ehlotshaniswa ngefomu.

Izibonelo zaseCalifornia: i- Arch Oboler Gatehouse no-Eleanor's Retreat , i- Berger House , i- Pilgrim Congregational Church

Izindlu zase-Usonian

Edizayinelwe imindeni engenayo engenayo, lezi zindlu ezincane zodwa zinezintambo zibonisa uxhumano lwangaphakathi-ngaphandle futhi zazivame ukwakhiwa ngokuma "L": Hanna House (esekelwe ihektare), iSydney Bazett House , iBuehler House , uRandall I-Fawcett House kanye noMtholampilo Wezokwelapha Kundert eSan Luis Obispo.

Ngosuku

1909: uGeorge C. Stewart House

1917: I- Hollyhock House

1923: UJohn Storer House

1923: USamuel Freeman House

1923: UGeorge no-Alice Millard House

1923: UMabel noCharles Ennis House

1936: Hanna House

1939: USidney Bazett House

1939: iSturges House

1940: I- Arch Oboler Gate House ne-Eleanor's Retreat

1948: Isitolo se-VC Morris Gift

1948: iMaynard noK Katie Buehler House

1948: Nksk. Clinton Walker House

1950: U-Arthur-Mathews House

1950: UWillibur C. Pearce House

1950: URobert noGloria Berger House

1952: I- Anderton Court Shops

1955: Umtholampilo wezokwelapha wase Kundert

1955: URandall Fawcett House

1955: iMarin Civic Centre

1957: URobert G. Walton House

1958: UDkt. George Ablin House

1958: iPilgrim Congregational Church

1923 no-2001: i- Nakoma Clubhouse