Usuku lolimi lokufa

I-glossary of words mayelana neDía de los Muertos

I-Día de Muertos iyiholide yaseMexico ehloniphayo futhi igubha imimoya yalabo abaye badlula. Imikhosi ezungeze leli holide inezinhlayiya eziningi ezingase zibe nzima ukuyiqonda, ikakhulu kubantu abangayazi amagama asetshenziselwa ukukhuluma ngawo. Nanka amanye amazwi omagama angasiza ekuqondeni usuku lweMexico lweMikhosi efile .

• 01 kwezingu-17

  I-altare

  NgeSuku Lwabafileyo, abantu abaningi babeka ama-altare (futhi abizwa ngokuthi ama-rerendas , "iminikelo") emizini yabo ukuze bahloniphe abathandekayo babo abafile. Kungase kube nama-altare ahlelwe ezikoleni, amabhizinisi kanye nezikhala zomphakathi. Ifomu le-altare lingase lihluke, kodwa livame ukuthi linamathenda amaningi futhi ligcwele amakhandlela, izimbali, izithelo nezinye izinto zokudla. Imimoya ikholelwa ukuthi idla isisekelo sokudla okuphelelwe wona. Thola ukuthi ungenza kanjani usuku lwakho lwe-altare elifile , noma ubone izithombe zama-altare amaningi .

• 02 ka-17

  Angelitos

  Angelitos "zingelosi ezincane." Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukukhuluma ngezingane ezifile futhi ezikholelwa ukuthi zibuyele ebusuku ebusuku, futhi zihlale ngosuku lukaNovemba 1, zivakashela imindeni yazo. Imimoya yabantu abadala abafile bavakashela ngosuku olulandelayo. Ama-altare avame ukulungiselelwa ngendlela ekhethekile yokuthola i- angelitos , kanti ezinye izakhi, ezifana nogwayi namabhodlela okuphuza utshwala, zengezwa kamuva, lapho imimoya yabantu abadala ifika.

• 03 ka-17

  Calaca

  Lona igama lesiSpanishi laseSpeyin elisetshenziselwa amasondo. I-Calacas ibonakala ngokucacile ngosuku lwezinhlobonhlobo ezifile. Ngezinye izikhathi igama elithi "La Calaca" lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukufa komuntu. Amanye amagama asetshenziselwa ukufa komuntu afaka phakathi "la Pelona" (i-bald), "la Flaca" (isikhumba), "la Huesuda" (ibony eyodwa). Lezi zonke zisetshenziselwa ifomu lesifazane.

• 04 kwangu-17

  Calavera

  I- calavera yi-skull, i- calaverita iyinhloko ye-skull, kanti i- calavera de azucar yi-skull sugar. Lezi zifakwa e-altare futhi ngokuvamile zibizwa igama lomuntu oshonile ebunzini - noma njengesenzo sokudlala, igama lomuntu osaphila.

• 05 ka-17

  Catrina, La

  I-La Catrina ngumlingiswa owadalwa ngumlimi waseLobertan lithographer kanye nomdwebi uJoseph Guadalupe Posada (1852-1913). La Catrina yisigqila samakhosikazi esembethe isitayela samakhosikazi asezingeni eliphezulu. I-Posada yaqala isiko lokubonisa izibalo zamanje njengamahlumela ngendlela ehlekisayo njengendlela yokuhlaziya umphakathi. I-La Catrina isibe ngumuntu ovelele ngosuku lwezinhlobonhlobo zokufa nemikhosi.

• 06 kwangu-17

  Cempasuchil

  Lolu hlobo lwembali luyaziwa nangokuthi i-flower de muerto , futhi lisetshenziswe ngosuku lwe-altare efile futhi ukuhlobisa amathuna. Ikhula kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi eMexico futhi iphunga layo elimnandi libhekwa ukuthi liheha abantu abazondayo abafayo ngoSuku lwabafileyo.

• 07 kwangu-17

  Qhathanisa

  I-comparsa iyi-celebration efana nomkhosi, lapho abantu begqoke khona izingubo nokudansa. I-Comparsas iyingxenye ebalulekile osukwini luka-Oaxaca lwemikhosi efile , lapho izingubo zidala ngokudala futhi ziyamangaza.

• 08 kwangu-17

  I-Copal

  I-Copal impepho eyenziwe nge-resin evela emthini wegama elifanayo. I-Copal impepho yayishiswa eMesoamerica ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi isatshiswa imikhosi ekhethekile futhi ivame ukufakwa ngosuku noma eduze nosuku lama-altare afile, njengenye isici esicacile sokubamba imimoya. Igama le-copal lisuselwa egameni lesiNahuatl elithi copalli , elisho "impepho".

• 09 ka-17

  Fieles Difuntos

  I-Fieles Difuntos lisho " ukuhamba okuthembekile" futhi leli gama libhekisela emgubhi wamaKatolika Wonke Imiphefumulo. KumaKatolika, ukugubha noma ukuhlonishwa kwabo bonke abahambayo abathembekile kugujwa ngoNovemba wesibili, kanti ngoNovemba 1 kugujwa kwabo bonke abaNgcwele, Todos los Santos .

• 10 kwangu-17

  Hanal Pixan

  Endaweni yamaMaya, uSuku lweMikhosi efile libizwa ngoHanal Pixan . Esinye sezici ezihlukile mayelana nendlela amaMaya abagubha ngayo usuku lwabafileyo ngokulungiselela ukudla okhethekile kulo mcimbi, njenge- mucbipollo , okuyinto uhlobo lomthamo omkhulu ophekwe emgodini ongaphansi komhlaba.

• 11 kwangu-17

  Mictlan

  I-Mictlan yayiyindawo yabafileyo bama-Aztec, izinga eliphansi kunazo zonke ezingaphansi komhlaba. UMiktlantecuhtli wayengunkulunkulu owayengamele leli zwe elingaphansi komhlaba, kanye nomkakhe, uMictlancíhuatl. Emlandweni we-Prehispanic, yilokho abafileyo abazohamba khona bezobuyela kubo abathandekayo babo.

• 12 kwangu-17

  Ofrenda

  I-Ofrenda isho ukuthi "ukunikela" ngesiSpanishi, futhi uma ukhuluma ngoSuku lweMikhosi Efile, lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ezintweni ezibekwa e-altare lemimoya. Ngezinye izikhathi i-altare ngokwalo libhekiselwe njengelinye i- arenda .

• 13 kwangu-17

  I-Pan de muerto

  Enye yokudla ehlotshaniswa kakhulu noSuku Lwabafileyo yiluhlobo lwesinkwa esikhethekile okuthiwa i- pan de muerto , okusho ukuthi "isinkwa sabafileyo." Isinkwa singakwazi kakhulu kusuka esifundeni kuya esifundeni, ngezinye izikhathi sifana ne- pan de yema , isinkwa esiphuzi esenziwe ngamaqanda amaqanda, noma kungenzeka kube nemifino emhlophe emhlophe ngamathambo afakwe phezulu. I-pan de muerto ifakwe e-altare, futhi idliwe, ivame ukufakwa ekhofi noma ushokoledi oshisayo.

• 14 kwangu-17

  I-Papel picado

  I-Papel picado isika iphepha ngokuhlobisa okusetshenziselwa eMexico ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaholide kanye nama-feestas. Usuku lwe-Dead papel picado lufakwe emaphethelweni e-altare, futhi lufaka umbala e-altare. Abanye bathi izakhi ezine zikhona e-altare futhi ukunyakaza kwepelpi picado kubonisa umoya.

• 15 kwangu-17

  I-tapete de arena

  Kwezinye izindawo zaseMexico, izifanekiso zesanti noma ama-tapestries ( tapetes de arena ) ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomkhosi. Lezi zidalwe ngesihlabathi kanye nangemibala futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izakhi ezinjengembewu, ubhontshisi, ama-flower petals kanye ne-sawdust, futhi zingabonisa izindikimba zenkolo, kodwa ngokuvamile zibonisa ukufa ngendlela edlalwayo.

• 16 kwangu-17

  Todos los Santos

  I-Todos los Santos ingukuthi "Bonke Abangcwele." Ukugubha ngomhlaka wokuqala kaNovemba, lolu usuku lokuqala lweSuku Lwabafileyo (Dia de los Muertos), lapho izingane ezilahlekile nezingane, los angelitos , zihlonishwa, ngoba zikholelwa ukuthi zifile ngaphambi kokuba imiphefumulo yabo ibe sullied by sin. Okuningi mayelana nomkhosi wamaKatolika woSuku LwaseSanta.

• 17 kwangu-17

  I-Xantolo

  I-Xantolo ngumkhosi wesifunda woSuku lwabafileyo. Kugujwa endaweni yase-Huasteca yaseMexico, esekelwe enyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico futhi ihlanganisa izingxenye zamazwe aseHidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, eSan Luis Potosí naseQuerétaro. Imikhosi ye-Xantolo ihlanganisa ukudansa okukhethekile. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-Xantolo.